Text extracted via OCR from the original document. May contain errors from the scanning process.
CONFIDENTIAL
Valuation Analysis of
Rockefeller Financial Services, Inc.
as of December 31, 2015
Berkshire Capital
EFTA01079016
Rockefeller Financial Services, Inc.
Table of Contents
TAB
SECTION
PAGE
I
Valuation Letter
1
II
Market & Industry Overview
4
III
Valuation Methodologies
12
IV
Valuation Model
Berkshire Capital
CONFIDENTIAL
EFTA01079017
Rockefeller Financial Services, Inc.
Valuation Letter
Pursuant to an engagement letter dated October 9, 2015 between Rockefeller Financial Services, Inc. (the "Company" or "RFS") and
Berkshire Capital Securities LLC ("Berkshire Capital"), Berkshire Capital has prepared a valuation of the Company with its
consolidated subsidiaries (the "Valuation") as of December 31, 2015 (the "Reference Date"). We understand that the Valuation will
be used by the Company to establish a value for both the Class A (Voting) and the Class B (Non-Voting) shares of RFS as of the
Reference Date.
The Valuation was completed in a manner consistent with the requirements of: (i) the Shareholders' Agreement, by and among RFS,
the Family Trust established under Indenture dated December 21, 1979 (the "Family Trust") and the Shareholders named therein,
dated as of February 1, 1991 as amended and supplemented to date; (ii) the Stockholders Agreement dated as of May 29, 2012 and
effective as of September 28, 2012 among RFS, the Family Trust and RIT Capital Partners plc ("RIT"); and (iii) the Resolution adopted
by the RFS Compensation Committee on January 8, 2009 on fair market methodology. The valuation standard is nonmarketable
minority interest, where the analysis presumes the continued operation of the business as a going concern without a sale of the
assets or businesses of the Company.
Berkshire Capital is a private investment bank that focuses exclusively on providing financial advisory services to the investment
management and securities industries. Berkshire Capital, as a customary part of its investment banking business, is regularly
engaged in the valuation of financial services companies in connection with mergers and acquisitions, and valuations for estate,
corporate and other purposes. Since inception in 1983, Berkshire Capital has acted as financial advisor in over 310 transactions with
an aggregate value exceeding $10 billion. Over this period, Berkshire Capital has rendered over 275 valuations, strategic reviews and
fairness opinions for publicly traded and privately owned financial services firms.
For purposes of the estimate of value set forth herein, we have: (i) reviewed certain audited financial statements, unaudited
financial statements, organizational documents and other financial and operating data provided by the management of the
Company; (ii) discussed the businesses, financial condition, recent results of operations and the prospects of the Company with
senior management; (iii) compared certain financial information for the Company with similar information for certain other
companies the securities of which are publicly traded; (iv) reviewed the financial terms, to the extent publicly available or otherwise
available to Berkshire Capital due to its role as financial advisor to one of the parties to the transaction, of certain mergers and
acquisitions of companies which we deemed to be relevant to the Valuation of the Company; and (v) performed such other analyses
and considered such other information as we deemed appropriate.
We have assumed and relied upon, without independent verification, the accuracy and completeness of all of the information
reviewed by us for purposes of this Valuation, and we have assumed no responsibility for and did not conduct any independent
verification of the information. In that regard, we have assumed that the information relating to the prospects of the Company
were reasonably prepared on a basis reflecting the best currently available judgments and estimates of senior management.
Berkshire Capital
Page 1
EFTA01079018
Rockefeller Financial Services, Inc.
Valuation Letter
In connection with the preparation of this Valuation, we performed a variety of financial analyses. Our Valuation conclusions are
based upon various determinations as to the most appropriate and relevant methods of financial analysis and the application of
these methods to the particular circumstances. In performing our analyses, we made numerous assumptions with respect to
industry performance, general business and economic conditions and other matters, many of which are beyond the control of the
Company. The analyses performed by us are not necessarily indicative of future values or future results that might be achieved, all
of which may be more or less favorable than that suggested by such analyses, and such analyses and estimates are inherently
subject to substantial uncertainty.
With respect to the analysis of guideline publicly traded companies and the analysis of guideline acquisitions, an evaluation of the
results of those analyses is not entirely mathematical. Accordingly, an analysis of guideline publicly traded companies and guideline
acquisitions necessarily involves complex considerations and judgments concerning financial and operating characteristics and other
factors that could affect the public trading values or announced transaction values, as the case may be, of the companies being
analyzed.
Our estimate of value is based on all relevant financial information, operating data and market, economic and other conditions as of
the Reference Date that was available to us as of the date hereof. Events occurring after the Reference Date could materially affect
the assumptions and conclusions contained in this Valuation. Neither Berkshire Capital nor the individuals involved in the
preparation of this Valuation on behalf of Berkshire Capital have any present or contemplated future interest in the Company.
This Valuation has been prepared solely for the internal use of the Company and is not intended for dissemination to, and may not
be relied upon by, persons other than the senior management of the Company. Neither the contents of this report, nor its
conclusions, may be disclosed, referred or communicated in whole or in part to any third party for any purpose whatsoever except
with our written consent in each instance. In furnishing this report, we do not admit that we are experts on the securities laws of
any foreign or domestic jurisdiction.
Berkshire Capital
Page 2
EFTA01079019
Rockefeller Financial Services, Inc.
Valuation Letter
Based on the foregoing, and the other matters discussed in greater detail in this report, we are of the opinion that, as of the
Reference Date, the value of the Company on a non-marketable minority interest basis is $188.9 million.
Very truly yours,
Berkshire Capital Securities LLC
By:
R. Bruce Cameron
President
January 23, 2016
Berkshire Capital
Page 3
EFTA01079020
Rockefeller Financial Services, Inc.
Market & Industry Overview
Throughout 2015, the market generally has continued the broad-based rally that started in the summer of 2011, with a brief decline
between August and October. As of the end of December 2015, the market has gained 202.1% since its 2009 low. Year over year,
the market was relatively flat, with the market falling 0.7% from the end of December 2014 to the end of December 2015.
S&P 500 Index
60%
Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac Conservatorships
Lehman Bankruptcy, Merrill Sale
40%
WaMu Failure
Bear Stearns/
First AIG Bailout
JP Morgan
Credit Markets Seize
20%
TARP Enacted
Citigroup Loss Sharing Deal
0%
-20%
-40%
-60%
045
01
OS
1,
9 v10.10 vec,10
1-
1.1
1-5
l e•
Vec
'Dec
01
\O°.
Oec:
0
101v09
0
1% oec1%
1
Oec;
)O<%-
Oe°' 1%>('"
OytAa
Oec.1$
Berkshire Capital
Page 4
EFTA01079021
Rockefeller Financial Services, Inc.
Market & Industry Overview
In 2015, market performance in AUM, revenue and pre-tax income growth varied for each participant, and, while some investment
management firms experienced strong growth, others encountered steep declines in 2015.
Trends in AUM, Revenues & Pre-Tax Income, 2Q14 - 2Q15
Growth Rates, 2Q14 - 2Q15
Pre-Tax
Firm
AUM
Revenues
Income
Affiliated Managers Group, Inc.
5.9%
6.8%
12.0%
BlackRock, Inc.
2.8%
3.9%
5.0%
Calamos Asset Management Inc.
-5.1%
-14.1%
-48.0%
Cohen & Steers, Inc.
-4.1%
3.2%
-4.1%
Diamond Hill Investment Group
17.8%
24.3%
50.8%
Eaton Vance Corp.
8.8%
2.3%
6.1%
Federated Investors, Inc.
-0.6%
2.2%
3.5%
Franklin Resources, Inc.
-5.9%
-0.5%
2.0%
GAMCO Investors, Inc.
-8.0%
-8.5%
-18.9%
Invesco Ltd.
0.1%
0.9%
0.4%
Janus Capital Group Inc.
8.3%
13.2%
17.4%
Legg Mason, Inc.
-0.7%
2.0%
3.1%
Manning & Napier, Inc.
-20.3%
-4.8%
84.1%
Pzena Investment Management, Inc.
3.7%
9.5%
1.3%
T. Rowe Price Group, Inc.
4.7%
9.9%
8.3%
Virtus Investment Partners, Inc.
-14.6%
-3.7%
-18.6%
Waddell & Reed Financial, Inc.
-11.0%
3.9%
-1.1%
Westwood Holdings Group, Inc.
15.0%
17.3%
13.6%
MEAN
-0.2%
3.8%
6.5%
MEDIAN
-0.2%
2.8%
3.3%
Source: SNL Database
Berkshire Capital
Page 5
EFTA01079022
Rockefeller Financial Services, Inc.
Market & Industry Overview
Median Publicly Traded Investment Management Multiples'
20.0x
18.0x
16.0x
14.0x
12.0x
10.0x
8.0x
6.0x
4.0x
2.0x
0.0x
14.8x
12.9x
10.2x
12.7x
11.0x
9.3x
4.3x
3.8x
3.2x
Median Price-to-Current Fiscal Year
Median Price-to-Forward Fiscal Year
Median Price-to-Current Fiscal Year
Pre-Tax Income
Pre-Tax Income
Revenues
• December 2013
• December 2014
tv December 2015
I 2013 multiples include the following firms: APAM, BPFH, CLMS, CNS, DHIL, EV, GBONS, PZN, SAMG, VRTS, WDR and WHG. 2014 multiples include the
following firms: APAM, BPFH, CLMS, CNS, DHIL, EV, GBL, JNS, PZN, SAMG, VRTS, WDR and WHG. 2015 multiples include APAM, BPFH, CLMS, CNS, OHIL, EV,
GSL, INS, PZN, SAMG, VRTS, WDR and WHG.
Berkshire Capital
Page 6
EFTA01079023
Rockefeller Financial Services, Inc.
Market & Industry Overview
Earnings estimates have rebounded from their 2009 lows due to the sustained market rebound and an increasingly optimistic
economic outlook. However, estimates remain volatile due to uncertainty around U.S. fiscal policy and the global economic
recovery, with fourth quarter 2015 estimates decreasing in the face of this uncertainty.
Forward EPS Estimates — T. Rowe Price
Forward EPS Estimates — Franklin Resources
$6.00 -
$4.50
5.50 -
4.00
5.00 -
4.50 -
3.50
4.00 -
3.00
3.50 -
2.50
3.00 -
2.50 -
2.00
2.00
1.50
1.50
1.00
1.00
0.50
0.50
0.00
0.00
-/'
•O
t.
pe~09
1-\
No
1.
11
pe~O9
O PQt.11 cyte-
N
6:
:15 Oe~1S
tx`)
pc
ye(
IXY"<-
Pr
lot
c
1-
m, c...9
(Ya
tx‘M,
ixol
v ac'
Source: SNL Database, Berkshire Capital research
Berkshire Capital
Page 7
EFTA01079024
Rockefeller Financial Services, Inc.
Market & Industry Overview
While investment manager five-year EPS growth expectations increased throughout the first three quarters of 2014, expectations
have declined from the fourth quarter of 2014 and throughout 2015 due to increased uncertainty in the global economy.
Five-Year Estimated EPS Growth Rates — Investment Managers
20%
18%
16%
14%
12%
10%
8%
100114
6%
sil)Nov"):40Ned).S.2.0)
G.11.
/,:•S
G.0
sPt
%.5
S5
.S5
N•C"
kl%
o
kik
.0 se oe kika
No se oe osc Or 40 cog% 02S- ov
c:
s
oe
Ranges defined by 25th and 75th percentile projected growth rates.
Index includes AMG, APAM (as of 3/13), ART (3/11 through 12/12), BEN, BLK, CLMS, CNS, EPHC (3/11
through 11/12), EV, FII, GBL, GROW (3/11 through 4/12), IVZ, JNS, LM, MN (as of 6/12), OMAM (as of
10/14), PZN, SAMG (as of 9/13), TROW and WDR.
Source: SNL Database, Berkshire Capital research
Berkshire Capital
Page 8
EFTA01079025
Rockefeller Financial Services, Inc.
Market & Industry Overview
After steadily rising since 2011, multiples began a steady decline in the second half of 2014 and into 2015, with investment
managers currently trading at LTM pre-tax of 8.1x— 10.0x as of December 2015, compared to 10.2x— 12.3x one year ago.
Price / LTM Pre-Tax Multiples — Investment Managers
25.0x
20.0x
15.0x
10.0x
5.0x
0.0x
x.11 11 •ys.
.‘"S.
\,1,
1.
1
1.
'3
0)
c,
c,*1
et,"1.$ e.S%
.11e‘
API
Sell
'15
SI '
:15
'15
't
oe
v.
oe
sey
t
< O -% sec vac tpc
sec v.e.•
Ranges defined by 25th and 75th percentile Price / LTM Pre-Tax Multiples.
Index includes AMG, APAM (as of 3/13), ART (3/11 through 12/12), BEN, BLK, CLMS, CNS, EPHC (3/11
through 11/12), EV, File GBL, GROW (10/09 through 4/12), IVZ_INS, LM, MN (as of 6/12), OMAM (as of
10/14), PZN, SAMG (as of 9/13), TROW and WDR.
Source: SNL Database, Berkshire Capital research
Berkshire Capital
Page 9
EFTA01079026
Rockefeller Financial Services, Inc.
Market & Industry Overview
When viewed on a forward-looking basis, relative valuations increased steadily throughout 2012 and 2013 but fell slightly in 2014
and continued to decline in 2015. At the end of December 2015, firms were valued at 7.5x — 10.2x forward fiscal year projected pre-
tax income, compared to 9.7x — 12.4x one year ago.
Price / Forward Fiscal Year Projected Pre-Tax Multiples — Investment Managers
20.0x
16.0x
12.0x
8.0x
II
Ilvi
I woo
I
4.0x
0.0x
r1))- „11. e;11-
„.11-
e:O S
c%
‘,10
\\Y - SeX
‘.40'
\%)•- CAT 0e - kVb'
-
Berkshire Capital
I
A S C1/4 ^ AP% f. S C1/4
( .S5 A SS ^N S c. SS
O2/
‘‘I•
sex roe= tp: \a, -- sex vs=
Ranges defined by 25th and 75th percentile Price / Forward Fiscal Year Pre-Tax multiples.
Index includes AMG, APAM (as of 3/13), ART (3/11 through 12/12), BEN, BLK, CLMS, CNS, EPHC
(3/11 through 11/12), EV, FII, GBL, GROW (10/09 through 4/12), IVZ, JNS, LM, MN (as of 6/12),
OMAM (as of 10/14), PZN, SAMG (as of 9/13), TROW and WDR.
Source: SNL Database, Berkshire Capital research
Page 10
EFTA01079027
Rockefeller Financial Services, Inc.
Market & Industry Overview
Investment managers have experienced a decline in market performance in 2015. As of the end of December 2015, equity
managers were down 19.2% relative to their December 2014 levels, while fixed income managers were down 10.4% over the same
period. Banks, in comparison, were only down 1.6% relative to their December 2014 levels.
Indexed Stock Price Performance
100%
75% -
50%
25%
0%
-25%
-50%
v
(,„
A A.
AS NS oat ND'A"' ND•
N NS NS
NS NS
ISS IN IN O. 1O. IN 'O
tit
O-
1-
1- SSS
.0e ce tt..9‘,P
pc pe
t p t so
NV' ce
07.4
O6Oecov$84 Ovisi,seoscs.N2pio -te yt • O -sec, O6-Oev
—Equity Firms (BEN, JNS, TROW)
Fixed Income Firms (BLK, EV, FII)
—S&P 500
—KBW Bank Index
Source: Bloomberg
Berkshire Capital
Page 11
EFTA01079028
Rockefeller Financial Services, Inc.
Valuation Methodologies
LEVELS OF VALUE
In general, a security can be valued on one of three levels: control interest value; marketable minority interest value; or
nonmarketable minority interest value!
•
A control interest value represents the value of the enterprise as a whole, as if the enterprise were sold to a hypothetical
buyer. The control interest value can be derived directly from the valuation multiples paid for comparable companies in
recent acquisition transactions or indirectly by applying control premiums paid in recent acquisitions of comparable publicly
traded companies to the current valuation multiples of comparable companies the securities of which are currently publicly
traded.;
•
A marketable minority interest value reflects quoted prices on a stock exchange or in the over-the-counter market.
•
The nonmarketable minority interest value of a privately held company reflects the value of a security for which there is no
active market or other ability to convert readily into cash or cash equivalents. By definition, these interests lack indicia of
control over the affairs of the subject company.
Levels of Value 4
Relevant Market Data
Control Value
Control Premium
Discount for Lack of
Control
Freely Traded Minority Interest Value
Marketability Discount
Nonmarketable Minority Interest Value
Guideline Acquisitions
Premiums Paid in Acquisitions of Public
Companies
Guideline Publicly Traded Companies
Restricted Stock Studies; Proprietary
Analysis
2 Abrams, Jay B., Quantitative Business Valuation, McGraw-Hill, 2001.
Hitchner, James R., Financial Valuation: Applications and Models, John Wiley & Sons, 2003.
4 Mercer, Z. Christopher, Quantifying Marketability Discounts, Peabody Publishing, 2001.
Berkshire Capital
Page 12
EFTA01079029
Rockefeller Financial Services, Inc.
Valuation Methodologies
Current valuation theory encompasses three distinct approaches: the income, market and asset-based (or cost) approaches to
valuation.s4
•
The income approach involves discounting projected cash flows and terminal value at an appropriate discount rate.
•
The market approach involves capitalizing earnings, revenues, cash flow or other measures at multiples drawn from current
market valuations of publicly traded companies or recent acquisition transactions.
•
The asset-based approach involves marking to market tangible and intangible assets.
Berkshire Capital's valuation model focuses on the income and market approaches and derives indicated values from (1) current
market multiples for publicly traded investment management firms; (2) transaction multiples for recent acquisitions of investment
management firms; and (3) a discounted cash flow analysis incorporating the current financial condition and prospects of the subject
company. The asset-based approach is not considered to be relevant in most cases due to (i) the characteristics of the investment
management industry and (ii) the fact that the asset-based approach is primarily used when valuing not-for-profit organizations,
holding companies, manufacturing companies, asset-intensive companies, such as family limited partnerships, or companies in
bankruptcy proceedings.$)
MARKET APPROACH
The market approach is based on the premise that the fair market value of securities for which no trading market exists can be
inferred from recent sales of securities of guideline companies. These sales can take the form of (i) trades of minority interests of
registered securities on a securities exchange or in the over-the-counter market and (ii) the sale of control in mergers or
acquisitions. For purposes of this Valuation, Berkshire Capital applied guideline publicly traded company multiples of current fiscal
year (2015E) pre-tax income, forward fiscal year (2016E) pre-tax income and current fiscal year (2015E) revenues to the Company's
pro forma financial statistics for 2015E pre-tax income, 2016E pre-tax income and 2015E revenues, respectively. Berkshire Capital
MA Business Valuation Standards, American Society of Appraisers, 2002.
6 Statement on Standards for Valuation Services No. 1, Valuation of a Business, Business Ownership Interest, Security, or Intangible Asset,
American Institute of Certified Public Accountants, 2007.
7 Trugman, Gary R., Understanding Business Valuation, American Institute of Certified Public Accountants, 1998.
Berkshire Capital
Page 13
EFTA01079030
Rockefeller Financial Services, Inc.
Valuation Methodologies
applied the guideline acquisition multiples of last twelve months' ("LTM") pre-tax income and LTM revenues to the Company's pro
forma financial statistics for 2015E pre-tax income and 2015E revenues, respectively.
Berkshire Capital compares the subject firm's financial condition to the guideline publicly traded companies and guideline acquired
companies in order to select the appropriate percentile multiples within the ranges defined by the respective peer groups. Berkshire
Capital selected the median multiples from the guideline publicly traded companies and the median multiples from the guideline
acquisitions for purposes of valuing the Company.
Berkshire Capital assigns weightings to the indicated values derived from each of the reference guideline company multiples. In this
Valuation, the weightings assigned for the guideline publicly traded companies were 35% on 2015E pre-tax income, 35% on 2016E
pre-tax income and 30% on 2015E revenues. For the guideline acquisitions, the weightings assigned were 60% on 2015E pre-tax
income and 40% on 2015E revenues.
Adjustments to the Financial Statements. Where appropriate, Berkshire Capital may make certain adjustments to the historical,
current and/or forward fiscal year financial statements in order to make the financial statements more meaningful for the valuation
process. Adjustments may be appropriate for the following reasons, among others: (1) to present financial data of the subject and
guideline companies on a consistent basis; (2) to adjust reported values to current values; (3) to adjust revenues and expenses to
levels which are reasonably representative of continuing results; and (4) to adjust for non-operating assets and liabilities and the
related revenue and expenses.a For purposes of this Valuation, Berkshire Capital made adjustments for the current fiscal year
income statement, forward fiscal year income statement and current balance sheet to reflect the sale of the Rockit Solutions, LLC.
INCOME APPROACH
Financial Projections. Berkshire Capital prepares five- and ten-year financial projections of free cash flow and estimated terminal
values at the end of the fifth and tenth years. The projections of free cash flow are intended to estimate cash available to pay
dividends on basic shares of the Company.
Present Value Analysis. The after-tax cash flows and terminal value are then discounted to present value at the estimated cost of
equity capital, on both a five- and ten-year basis. The five- and ten-year DCF values are weighted 60%/40%. The disproportionate
weighting attributed to the five-year DCF values is a function of the relatively greater level of confidence attached to five-year
projections compared to ten-year projections.
a ASA Business Valuation Standards, American Society of Appraisers, 2002.
Berkshire Capital
Page 14
EFTA01079031
Rockefeller Financial Services, Inc.
Valuation Methodologies
Discount Rate. Berkshire Capital uses a variation of the Capital Asset Pricing Model ("CAPM") to derive an estimate of the cost of
equity capital for a subject firm: 9'1°'11
Rf +
X ERP + RP, + RPu, where
estimated cost of equity capital
risk-free rate
beta
general equity risk premium for the market
risk premium for small size
risk premium attributable to the specific company, or nonsystematic risk
Risk-Free Rate ( 1O. Berkshire Capital uses the long-horizon equity risk premiums published by Morningstar, Inc., which
quantifies the return generated by stocks, as measured by the S&P 500, in excess of the 20-year constant maturity
Treasury bond. To ensure comparability, Berkshire Capital references the 20-year constant maturity Treasury bond as the
risk-free rate. The appropriate time horizon is a function of the indeterminate (i.e., long-term) life of the company being
valued as a going concern, as opposed to the investor's expected holding period.'2
Beta ( B ). Berkshire Capital selects the median unlevered beta for the guideline publicly traded companies13 and then
adjusts the unlevered beta for the subject company's targeted leverage ratio.'"
Equity Risk Premium ( ERP). The equity risk premium is a prospective concept (i.e., an estimate of the premium required
by the market in the future in order to accept the uncertain outcomes associated with owning equity securities). Unlike
bond yields to maturity, market quotes cannot be obtained for the equity risk premium. Due to a lack of widely accepted
forecasting techniques to estimate a forward-looking equity risk premium,ls•16 Berkshire Capital refers to historical data
Ku
=
Ku
=
RI
=
(3
=
ERP =
RP, =
RP„ =
9 Pratt, Shannon P., Robert F. Reilly and Robert P. Schweihs, Valuing a Business: The Analysis and Appraisal of Closely Held
Companies, 4th ed., McGraw-Hill, 2000.
143 Pratt, Shannon P., Cost of Capitol: Estimation and Applications, John Wiley & Sons, 1998.
" Reilly, Robert F. and Robert P. Schweihs, The Handbook of Advanced Business Valuation, McGraw-Hill, 2000.
12 Ibbotson SBBI, 2014 Valuation Yearbook, Morningstar, Inc., 2014.
13 Pratt, Shannon P. and Alina V. Niculita, Valuing a Business: The Analysis and Appraisal of Closely Held Companies, McGraw-Hill, 2008.
14 Pratt, Shannon P., Cost of Capitol: Estimation and Applications, John Wiley & Sons, 1998.
IS Equity Risk Premium Forum, sponsored by the Association for Investment Management and Research, November 8, 2001.
16 Damodaran, Aswath, Equity Risk Premiums (ERP): Determinants, Estimation and Implications —The 2011 Edition, Stern School of Business, 2011.
Berkshire Capital
Page 15
EFTA01079032
Rockefeller Financial Services, Inc.
Valuation Methodologies
for insights into the magnitude of the equity risk premium 17 Berkshire Capital uses the 30-year average long-horizon
equity risk premium published by Morningstar in the Stocks, Bonds, Bills and Inflation ("SBB1") series, reduced by the
historical P/E multiple effect in order to eliminate the upward bias in historical data introduced by changes in investor
expectations.18'19 This approach is consistent with a recent valuation opinion issued by the Delaware Chancery Court.2°
The equity risk premium component of the estimated cost of equity capital represents the expected premium that
holders of similar securities can expect to achieve on average in the future. The total return on the S&P 500 reflects both
periodic distributions on, and capital appreciation or depreciation reflected by continuous trades in, minority interests of
component stocks. While a control shareholder may be able to improve the cash flows generated by the acquired
company, such improvements may not necessarily have an impact on the general risk level of the cash flows.
Adjustments for minority or controlling interest value are more suitably made to the projected cash flows rather than to
the discount rate. So long as there is no disproportionate return to certain shareholders, either through the enterprise
cash flows or the equity rights, there is no distinction between minority owners and control owners in the estimation of
costs of equity capital.21,22
Size Premium (RP, ). Research published by Morningstar and others offers compelling statistical evidence of small firm
premiums.32'23,20 Morningstar's annual small capitalization study sorts the universe of eligible stocks traded on the NYSE
into deciles ranked by market capitalization, with deciles rebalanced quarterly, and calculates (1) betas for each decile
since 1926 and (2) returns predicted by beta for each decile based on the average risk-free rate over the time horizon. If
CAPM were functioning properly for small companies, all the decile portfolios would fall on the security market line.
Instead, Morningstar's research shows that smaller stocks consistently generate returns in excess of the returns that
would be predicted by CAPM. Berkshire Capital has developed a size premium calculator using the Morningstar data that
" Reilly, Robert F. and Robert P. Schweihs, The Handbook of Advanced Business Valuation, McGraw-Hill, 2000.
19 Ibbotson, Roger G. and Peng Chen, "Long-Run Stock Returns: Participating in the Real Economy," Financial Analysts Journal, vol. 59, no. 1
(January/February 2003).
19 Kasper, Larry J., "S Corporation Valuations — An Analysis in Search of a Solution," Business Valuation Review (Winter 2007).
n Global CT LP v Golden Telecom, Inc., 2010 WL 1663987 (Del. Ch.)(April 23, 2010).
31 Speech at the 2004 Thirty-Second AICPA National Conference on Current SEC and PCAOB Developments, by Todd E. Hardiman,
Associate Chief Accountant, Division of Corporate Finance, Securities and Exchange Commission, Washington, DC, December 6, 2004.
22 lbbotson SBB1, 2014 Valuation Yearbook, Morningstar, Inc., 2014.
23 Banz, R., "The Relationship between Return and Market Value of Common Stocks," Journal of Financial Economics (1981).
Pratt, Shannon P. and Alina V. Niculita, Valuing a Business: The Analysis and Appraisal of Closely Held Companies, McGraw-Hill, 2008.
Berkshire Capital
Page 16
EFTA01079033
Rockefeller Financial Services, Inc.
Valuation Methodologies
estimates the size premiums for the subject firm as well as the guideline publicly traded companies. This approach is
consistent with a recent valuation opinion issued by the Delaware Chancery Court. 25
Security Market Line & Size Premium by Decile, 1926 - 2014
25.00%
20.00%
3
15.00%
2
1
10.00%
f itt.
5.00%
•
•
0.00%
0.80
0.20
0.40
060
0.80
1.00
1.20
1.40
1.60
1.80
Beta
—
Company-Specific Risk Premium ( Rp, ). This risk premium accounts for additional elements of risk not captured by the
systematic, or market, risk factor beta, such as: (1) relatively higher or lower volatility of economic income; (2)
concentration of customer base; (3) key person dependence or small management base; (4) key supplier dependence; (5)
abnormal present or pending competition; (6) pending regulatory changes; (7) pending lawsuits; or (8) relatively
undiversified operations, by product or by geography.26,27 Recent valuation opinions issued by the Delaware Chancery
Court have accepted the use of RPu so long as the risk factors are truly company-specific and not already reflected in
zs In re Sunbelt Beverage Corporation, 2010 Consol. CA. No. 16089-CC (Del. Ch.) (Jan. 5, 2010).
26 Kasper, Larry J., Business Valuations: Advanced Topics, Quorum Books, 1997.
27 Reilly, Robert F. and Robert P. Schweihs, The Handbook of Advanced Business Valuation, McGraw-Hill, 2000.
Berkshire Capital
Page 17
EFTA01079034
Rockefeller Financial Services, Inc.
Valuation Methodologies
projected cash flows, beta or RPs, and the estimated RP. is based on specific financial analysis.28 Berkshire Capital
incorporates volatility of economic income and risk of insolvency due to limited capital resources in the scenario analysis
of the subject firm; as a result, these factors do not influence the magnitude of RP,,. For purposes of this Valuation,
Berkshire Capital assumed that there were no material company-specific risk factors, so RP„ is assumed to be nil.
Scenario Analysis. Cash flow projections should be based on the concept of expected cash flows rather than most likely or base-
case cash flows.29 The determination of expected cash flows centers on the projection of future cash flows across a range of
scenarios, to which probabilities are then attached. Berkshire Capital's valuation model performs the DCF analysis across 25 discrete
scenarios. In the case of investment management firms, the scenarios are based on a range of inputs for two key value drivers:
total return on managed assets and rate of net new business acquisition. Berkshire Capital has identified these two factors as those
with the greatest influence on revenues, profitability and value. The scenario analysis is designed to capture, at least in part, the
uncertainty inherent in operating the subject firm's business in the future, and as a result, introduces a broader range of potential
outcomes into the ultimate determination of value than offered by a single scenario. The outcomes are then weighted based on an
assessment of the appropriate probability distribution in light of the ranges of the respective value drivers relative to historical
norms and expectations for the future. This probability distribution is ordinarily designed to reflect the assessment that the scenario
outcomes exhibit symmetrical but declining probabilities the more the assumptions underlying a particular scenario diverge from
the assumptions underlying the central scenario. Because we run multiple scenarios, we have automated all decision rules
governing the subject firm's cost structure to mimic the concept that management teams adjust staffing and expense levels to
changes in revenues brought about by market, industry and economic developments.
28 Rosenbloom, Arthur H., Bala G. Dharan and Ihsan Dogramaci, "Using Company-Specific Risk in the Delaware Chancery Court," Business Valuation Update
(December 2011).
29 Ibbotson SBBI, 2014 Valuation Yearbook, Morningstar, Inc., 2014.
Berkshire Capital
Page 18
EFTA01079035
Rockefeller Financial Services, Inc.
Valuation Methodologies
Where appropriate, Berkshire Capital applies relevant discounts and premiums to values indicated by the income and market
approaches.
Discount for Small Size. In many cases, the firm being valued is substantially smaller than the guideline publicly traded companies,
as measured by market capitalization. As a result, an adjustment must be made to valuations indicated by guideline publicly traded
company valuation multiples in order to account for this differential. The size discount recognizes the direct relationship between
P/E ratios and discount rates. Financial theory holds that the price in the numerator of the P/E ratio equals the PV of the market's
consensus estimate of future free cash flows and terminal value discounted at the market's consensus estimate of the firm's cost of
equity capital. For a given set of free cash flows, if the discount rate is higher due to the size premium, then the P/E ratio will be
correspondingly lower. As a result, Berkshire Capital estimates the appropriate small-firm discount to be applied to public market
multiples by calculating the percentage difference between the DCF calculated at the subject firm cost of equity capital and the DCF
calculated at the median guideline company cost of equity capital.
Berkshire Capital's approach is conceptually consistent with methodologies published by Goeldner30, Hitchner31 and Mercer.32
Goeldner proposed that the principal factors influencing the difference between capitalization rates, or the inverse of P/E multiples,
for public and private firms are differences in risk factors (A
.—risk premium) and earnings growth (Agrowth). where:
P/Esubject = 1 / (Cap Rateguideline
Arisk premium + Agrowth)
The -risk premium factor is captured in the difference in estimated Ke. At the time, assuming that the private firm beta is equal to the
public firm median, Goeldner maintained that tirisk premium can be reduced to the difference in RP„. Peters33 elaborated on Goeldner's
equation by expanding the definition of risk factors to include a proxy for the size premium, which was later adopted by Goeldner
through the inclusion of RPs as a risk factor.34 Goeldner's fundamental discount does not adjust for other value impairments, such as
illiquidity or lack of control.
3° Goeldner, Richard, "Bridging the Gap Between Public and Private Market Multiples," Business Valuation Review (September 1998).
31 Hitchner, James R., Financial Valuation: Applications and Models, John Wiley & Sons, 2006.
32 Mercer, Z. Christopher, Valuing Enterprise and Shareholder Cash Flows — The Integrated Theory of Business Valuation, Peabody
Publishing, 2004.
13 Peters, Jerry O., "Adjusting Price/Earnings Ratios for Difference in Company Size," Business Valuation Review (June 1999).
34 Goeldner, Richard, "Practical Application of the Fundamental Discount," Business Valuation Review (September 2000).
Berkshire Capital
Page 19
EFTA01079036
Rockefeller Financial Services, Inc.
Valuation Methodologies
Similarly, Hitchner proposed that:
P/Esubjed = 1 / [( 1 / P/Eguidekne )
where "6" equals the difference between the respective costs of equity capital for the guideline companies and the subject
company, reflected primarily in the difference between respective size premiums published in SBB1. Mercer uses the CAPM with
differential RPu and growth rates to estimate differential capitalization rates and implied multiples. For purposes of this Valuation,
RFS has fewer assets under management and lower pre-tax income than all of the guideline publicly traded companies, warranting
the use of a discount for small size. In this Valuation, the discount for small size is 17.0%.
Discount for Lack of Marketability. The principal risks associated with lack of marketability include the inability to sell shares (A) in
the face of deteriorating fundamentals, which would have otherwise prompted a decision to sell; (B) when the contemplated means
of disposing of the stock through an IPO or sale of the company does not materialize; or (C) when the investor's personal
circumstances require liquidity.35 Many factors affect the extent to which the marketability of a security in a privately held firm
differs from the marketability found in active, freely traded securities markets: (1) put rights; (2) dividends or distributions; (3) size
of potential market of buyers, including limitations on who can own shares; (4) prospects for going public or being acquired; (5)
restrictive transfer provisions; (6) absolute and relative size of the block to be sold; and (7) size and financial strength of the firm.36.37
In theory, investors who own nonmarketable securities must be compensated in the form of a higher expected return for the
incremental risk introduced by the inability to readily convert such an investment into cash.
Purchases and sales of minority interests in publicly traded companies, and the valuation multiples that result, are based on the
buyers' and sellers' ability to execute a trade virtually at any time, with cash settlement in three trading days. With no readily
available data on pricing of minority interests in privately held firms, Berkshire Capital draws from other empirical data in order to
arrive at a credible adjustment to public market multiples to reflect the fact that the holder of a minority interest in a private firm
does not enjoy the same ability to achieve liquidity when desired.
For guidance on this issue, valuation practitioners have routinely referenced studies of (a) discounts on restricted stock transactions,
and (b) pricing of pre-IPO common stock sales.38 Berkshire Capital has not incorporated the pre-IPO common stock sale studies in its
analysis due to potential conflicting biases, and resulting lack of reliability, introduced by survivorship bias, potential "friends and
3S Revenue Ruling 77-287, C.B. 1977-2, 319.
36 Pratt, Shannon P., Business Valuation: Discounts and Premiums, John Wiley & Sons, 2001.
37 Mercer, Z. Christopher, Quantifying Marketability Discounts, Peabody Publishing, 2001.
Heidt, Paul, ed., BVR's Guide to Discounts for Lack of Marketability, Business Valuation Resources, 2009.
Berkshire Capital
Page 20
EFTA01079037
Rockefeller Financial Services, Inc.
Valuation Methodologies
family" pricing discounts on pre-IPO stock, underpricing of IP0s,39 underwriter hype resulting in post-IPO underperformance,49
earnings accretion41 and non-contemporaneous price comparisons. Berkshire Capital also noted the potential bias introduced as a
result of (a) significantly higher RP, and RPL, for pre-IPO companies compared to the subject company due to the early development
stage of most IPO companies and (b) likely significant change (i.e., reduction) in RP, and RP„, between the date of issuance of pre-IPO
shares and the IPO due to the subject company's advances in corporate development and reduction of business risk. Facebook's
valuation history is a prime example of the inapplicability of pre-IPO pricing data.
Facebook Valuation History
Date
Enterprise
Valuation
($8)
Est Price
Per Share
Holding
Period
(Months)
Implied
Discount for
tack of
Marketability
Event
May 2012
81.2
38.00
NA
NA
IPO
Mar 2011
65.0
37.95
14
0%
General Atlantic purchases shares from Facebook employee!
Feb 2011
52.0
30.36
15
20%
Kleiner Perkins invests 538MM for <1% stake
Jan 2011
50.0
29.19
16
23%
Raises 5500MM from Goldman Sad's and DST
Nov 2010
35.0
20.43
18
46%
Accel sells approx. 17% of its stake
lun 2010
23.0
14.26
23
62%
Elevation Partners buys 5120MM of secondary shares
lan 2010
14.0
8.68
28
77%
Secondary trades on SecondMarket
Nov 2009
9.0
5.58
30
85%
Elevation Partners invests 590MM
Based on shares of convertible preferred stock, Class A common StoCk and Class B common stock
outstanding as of most recent balance sheet date.
Sources: Facebook prospectus, The New York Times, Benjamin Christine, Berkshire Capital analysis
Berkshire Capital estimated the discount for lack of marketability through the use of simulation analysis incorporating the reported
discounts on restricted stock transactions and estimates of stock price expected return, stock price volatility, dividend yield, the
39 Ibbotson, Roger G., Jody L. Sindelar and Jay R. Ritter, "The Market's Problems with the Pricing of Initial Public Offerings," Journal of
Applied Corporate Finance (Spring 1994).
4° Rajan, Raghuram and Henri Servaes, "Analyst Following of Initial Public Offerings," Journal of Finance (June 1997).
41 Paulson, Jon, "Quantifying Lack of Marketability and Minority Interest Discounts," TAXES, The Tax Magazine (August 1996).
Berkshire Capital
Page 21
EFTA01079038
Rockefeller Financial Services, Inc.
Valuation Methodologies
probable length of the restriction period and discount rates reflective of the risks of holding illiquid stock. A restricted stock
discount refers to the contemporaneous discount on the pricing of a restricted stock private placement to the reported sales price of
the issuer's publicly traded stock. Based on restricted stock pricing data obtained from a commercial database,62 Berkshire Capital
estimated that the implied illiquidity risk premium, or excess return required by purchasers of restricted stock to compensate for the
incremental risk associated with the inability to freely sell the stock during the lock-out period, was 11.0% during the sample period.
Berkshire Capital limited the analysis to restricted stock transactions completed between April 1997 and February 2008 on the
theory that the Securities and Exchange Commission's relaxation of the minimum holding period under Rule 144 from two years to
one year in April 1997 and to six months in February 2008 materially altered investors' perceptions of holding period risk.
Berkshire Capital also examined historical volatility, estimated costs of equity capital, payout ratios, dividend yields and
price/earnings multiples for selected publicly traded investment management firms in order to develop a current estimate for the
appropriate discount for lack of marketability for a private investment management firm. Berkshire Capital's use of historical
volatility as a proxy for expected volatility is consistent with research showing that historical stock volatilities exhibit a high degree of
persistency.63 Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123 also directs preparers to use historical volatility in estimating
the fair value of employee stock grants." Berkshire Capital constructed a hypothetical private firm with the same expected total
return as the median guideline public company expected total return but with an assumed payout ratio of 80%, which Berkshire
Capital's experience suggests is typical of a private investment management firm. Because the timing of sale is unknown and cannot
be known with certainty, Berkshire Capital assumed that the timing of the future liquidity event would be subject to a uniform
probability distribution following a three-year lock-out, with a 10-year maximum holding period. Berkshire Capital also (i) imposed
the same implied illiquidity risk premium of 11.0% to the private stock cash flows and (ii) assumed that the holder of the public stock
would choose to sell the stock in the absence of any restrictions once the stock appreciated 100% or declined in value by 25%.
These buy/sell decision rules are conceptually consistent with those routinely employed by investment management firms, based on
Berkshire Capital's experience. This framework also captures the two principal components of price risk: (i) the risk that the realized
price is lower than the purchase price and (ii) the opportunity loss that occurs when the asset increases in price during the period of
non-marketability and then declines to a lower value before the asset can be liquidated.05 Based on the foregoing, Berkshire Capital
derived an implied discount for lack of marketability of 21.5% for a minority interest in the private stock.
42 The FMV Restricted Stock Study, FMV Opinions, Inc. (online subscription).
43 Dyl, Edward A. and George J. Jiang, 'Valuing Illiquid Common Stock," Financial Analysts Journal (July/August 2008).
"Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123, "Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation" (Financial Accounting
Standards Board, 2008).
Abbott, Ashok, "Discount for Lack of Liquidity: Understanding and Interpreting Option Models," Business Valuation Review (Fall 2009).
Berkshire Capital
Page 22
EFTA01079039
Rockefeller Financial Services, Inc.
Valuation Methodologies
Our model is conceptually consistent with methodologies developed by Mercer," Finnerty,07 Stockdale," Dyl et a109 and Seaman.5°
The Quantitative Marketability Discount Model ("QMDM") has been developed by Mercer in order to replicate, in quantitative
terms, the investment decision-making process of hypothetical investors in nonmarketable securities. The QMDM is a static model
that integrates assumptions regarding the current price of the freely traded security, the growth rate of the security's value,
dividends, a point estimate for the probable holding period and the required holding period rate of return into the determination of
the appropriate discount for lack of marketability. Mercer has demonstrated that the QMDM produces discounts for lack of
marketability that are consistent with the discounts observed in the restricted stock studies. The discount rate is intended to include
the analyst's estimate of the incremental return required by a holder of the nonmarketable security due to holding period
uncertainty, uncertainty of a favorable exit and transfer restrictions. Finnerty presented an enhancement to the QMDM in which
the discount is a function of stock volatility, the length of the restriction period, the stock dividend yield and the time value of
money, where the restriction period assumption is static. Finnerty's approach is supported by a study by Bajaj et al.,S1 which found
that the standard deviation of stock returns was the most important explanatory variable in regressing restricted stock discounts
against a variety of statistics including volatility, relative issue size and whether or not the issue was registered.
Stockdale elaborated on Finnerty's model and posited that the discount for lack of marketability is a function of three factors: (1)
the future value as a function of time; (2) the probability of sale as a function of time; and (3) the present value as a function of time.
Because the timing of future sale is unknown and cannot be known with certainty, Stockdale maintained that the timing of future
sale must be considered through the use of a uniform probability distribution over a defined period of time following a fixed
minimum. Stockdale's model does not explicitly address the incremental risk premium required by investors for the timing
uncertainty. Dyl applied an options-based framework developed by Longstaff52 based on Longstaff's insight that liquidity is
essentially the option to sell a security at any time and that the cost of illiquidity can therefore be estimated using techniques from
options-pricing theory. The Dyl model incorporates stock price volatility and length of the restriction period in determining the
Mercer, Z. Christopher, Quantifying Marketability Discounts, Peabody Publishing, 2001.
17 Finnerty, John D., "The Impact of Transfer Restrictions on Stock Prices," presented at the 22nd Annual Advanced Business Valuation
Conference (Chicago, IL, October 2003).
As Stockdale, Jr., John J., "Time is of the Essence," Business Valuation Review (Fall 2006).
Dyl, Edward A. and George J. Jiang, "Valuing Illiquid Common Stock," Financial Analysts Journal (July/August 2008).
so Seaman, Ronald M., "Minimum Marketability Discounts, 3rd Edition," Business Valuation Review (Spring 2008).
si Bajaj, M., DJ. Denis, S.P. Ferris and A. Sarin, "Firm Value and Marketability Discounts," Journal of Corporation Law (Fall 2001).
S2 Longstaff, F.A., "How Much Can Marketability Affect Security Values?" Journal of Finance (December 1995).
Berkshire Capital
Page 23
EFTA01079040
Rockefeller Financial Services, Inc.
Valuation Methodologies
maximum applicable discount, which is then adjusted based on parameters in the Bajaj regression51 to arrive at an estimated
discount for lack of marketability.
Similar to Longstaff, Seaman examined pricing of Long-Term Equity Anticipation Securities ("LEAPS"), which are actively traded put
and call options on common stock with maturities of up to 32 months, in order to gain insight into minimum marketability discounts.
Consistent with these other studies, Seaman found that the costs of LEAPS were negatively correlated with company size and
positively correlated with company risk (as measured by Value Line Safety Ratings) and option maturity. Stockdale also tested the
effectiveness of various mathematical DLOM models in replicating observed restricted stock discounts53 and found that the Finnerty
model produced results that fall within the scatter of restricted stock discounts for both one- and two-year time horizons. Abbott
tested Black-Scholes put options, Asian put options and maximum price strike look-back put options against observed restricted
stock discounts based on uniform assumptions regarding risk-free rate, annual volatility and liquidation period 50 Asian put options
provide a payout based on the average price achieved for the asset during the life of the option (examined by Finnerty), while the
look-back put option provides a payout based on the highest value for the underlying asset achieved over the lifetime of the option
(examined by Longstaff). Abbott found that the look-back option provided estimated discounts closest to the reported discounts.
In general, Berkshire Capital does not apply a discount for lack of marketability in the case of a control interest valuation for the
following reasons: (i) a controlling shareholder can unilaterally elect to pursue a sale of the enterprise with the expectation that a
sale could be consummated within three to nine months and (ii) the market approach based on guideline acquisition transactions
and control premiums draws on pricing data that explicitly reflects the anticipated time between signing of a definitive agreement
and closing.55
For purposes of this Valuation, Berkshire Capital applied 20.0% of the implied discount for lack of marketability of 21.5%, which is
4.3%, due to existing internal buy/sell arrangements for RFS shares that include certain rules and restrictions.
Control Premium. Generally, control is defined as the ownership of more than 50% of the vote and value of a firm. Control confers,
among other things, the ability to: (1) select officers, directors and employees; (2) hire and fire management; (3) set compensation
policies; (4) set policy and change the course of business; (5) decide with whom to do business and enter into binding contracts; (6)
alter the capital structure, including repurchasing outstanding shares or issuing new shares; (7) declare dividends; (8) acquire or
liquidate assets; (9) register with the SEC for an IPO; (10) make acquisitions; (11) liquidate or sell the company, including sale of a
S3 Stockdale, John J., "A Test of DLOM Computational Models," Business Valuation Review (Fall 2008). See also Stockdale, John J., "Time
is of the Essence: A Proposed Model for Computing the Discount for Lack of Marketability," Business Valuation Review (Fall 2006).
S0 Abbott, Ashok, "Discount for Lack of Liquidity: Understanding and Interpreting Option Models," Business Valuation Review (Fall 2009).
Ss Mercer, Z. Christopher, Quantifying Marketability Discounts, Peabody Publishing, 1997.
Berkshire Capital
Page 24
EFTA01079041
Rockefeller Financial Services, Inc.
Valuation Methodologies
controlling interest with or without the participation of minority shareholders; (12) change the articles of incorporation or bylaws; or
(13) block any of the preceding actions.s6
The topic of control premium has generated ongoing debate within the valuation profession. As far back as 1990, Nath observed
that most publicly traded companies must trade at or near their controlling interest value in light of the fact that so few publicly
traded companies are taken over in any year.s7 Pratt, an early proponent of applying control premiums to public market multiples,
has recently shifted to the position that valuators must be cautious in applying a control premium to public market values, explicitly
acknowledging Nath's argument.ss Pratt offers a caveat for the use of transaction multiples, reflecting available synergies, in
industries undergoing consolidation where there is a diverse pool of synergistic buyers.s8 While the investment management
industry has experienced 14 takeovers of publicly traded firms within the past 17 years, Berkshire Capital notes that a financial
buyer, Madison Dearborn, paid a 20% premium for Nuveen Investments in 2007. As a result, Berkshire Capital estimates the
applicable control premium by analyzing premiums paid in acquisitions of publicly traded financial services companies.
As noted above, no distinction is made between minority shareholders and majority shareholders in the estimation of costs of equity
capital. The cash flows in the DCF analysis are typically prepared on an enterprise basis, presuming the owner has the ability to
exercise some or all of the indicia of control and the minority owners participate in distributions and terminal value on a pro rata
basis. As a result, no control premium or discount for lack of control is applied to the DCF values. In the case of a control interest
valuation using the market approach, an adjustment to the indicated valuation based on public market multiples is made by citing
premiums paid in recent acquisitions of publicly traded companies. This approach is consistent with a recent valuation opinion
issued by the Delaware Chancery Court.S9
Discount for Lack of Control. In the case of a nonmarketable minority interest valuation, a corresponding adjustment is made to the
indicated valuation based on acquisition multiples to reflect lack of control. The discount for lack of control is equal to:
1 — 1 / ( 1 + d ),
where "d" is equal to the 40th percentile control premium (or 29.9%). In this Valuation, the discount for lack of control is equal to
23.0%.
56 Pratt, Shannon P. and Alina V. Niculita, Valuing a Business: The Analysis and Appraisal of Closely Held Companies, 5th ed.,
McGraw-Hill, 2008.
57 Nath, Eric W., "Control Premiums and Minority Interest Discounts in Private Companies," Business Valuation Review (June 1990).
58 Pratt, Shannon P., Business Valuation Discounts and Premiums, 2n° ed., John Wiley & Sons, 2009.
" Berger v. Pubco Corporation, et al., 2010 C.A. No. 3414-CC (Del. Ch.) (May 10, 2010).
Berkshire Capital
Page 25
EFTA01079042
Rockefeller Financial Services, Inc.
Valuation Methodologies
Berkshire Capital assigns weightings to the guideline publicly traded companies (20%), guideline acquisitions (40%) and DCF (40%)
methodologies based on a number of factors relevant to this Valuation, including but not limited to: (1) the lack of direct
comparability in terms of range of business activities and relative valuation between the subject company and the guideline publicly
traded companies; (2) the greater degree of comparability in terms of relative valuation between the subject company and the
guideline acquired companies; and (3) the degree to which the DCF analysis best incorporates the particular financial characteristics,
and hence future prospects, of the subject company.6°
After calculating the weighted average enterprise value of the Company to be $108.0 million based on the weightings indicated in
the preceding paragraph, Berkshire Capital made the following adjustments to derive the fair market value of RFS:
•
Added excess working capital: Assumes working capital required to operate the business is equal to 16.7% (or two months)
of annual operating expenses excluding the stock incentive plan and bonus pool, so any working capital on the Company's
balance sheet as of November 30, 2015 above this minimum requirement is a positive adjustment to the enterprise value of
the Company.
•
Added long-term assets: Equals the non-current assets on the Company's balance sheet as of November 30, 2015.
•
Added the present value of the tax benefit due to accumulated tax loss carryforwards: Tax loss carryforwards are a valuable
asset because they reduce a subject company's future tax payments. Berkshire Capital calculated the present value of the
annual tax savings due to the Company's accumulated tax loss carryforwards under each of the 25 discrete scenarios utilized
in the DCF methodology. The outcomes were then weighted based on the same probability distribution used in the DCF
methodology. The annual tax benefit or savings were discounted at the Company's estimated cost of equity capital of 15.5%.
The total nominal tax benefit attributable to the tax loss carryforwards as of December 31, 2015 is $14.3 million.
•
Deducted long-term debt obligations: Equals the accrued post-retirement benefits on the Company's balance sheet as of
November 30, 2015.
After making the adjustments listed above to the weighted average enterprise value of RFS, Berkshire Capital calculated the fair
market value of the Company on a non-marketable minority interest basis to be $188.9 million.
b0 Cede & Co. v. MC Acquisition Corp., Civil Action No. 18658-NC, 2004 WL 286963, at 2 (Del. Ch. Feb. 10, 2004).
Berkshire Capital
Page 26
EFTA01079043
CONFIDENTIAL
Project Vega
Valuation Analysis: Nonmarketable Minority Interest Basis
As of 12/31/15
Key Assumptions:
- Company valued utilizing three methodologies: Guideline Publidy Traded Companies (20.0%), Guideline Acquisitions (40.0%) and DCF Analysis (40.0%)
• Guideline Publicly Traded Companies analysis applies multiples to:
2015 Projected Pre-Tax Income
2016 Projected Pre-Tax Income
2015 Projected Revenues
- Guideline Acquisitions analysis applies multiples to:
2015 Projected Pre-Tax Income
2015 Projected Revenues
• DCF analysis is based on 5 and 10 year projected income and cash flow statements. See Projected Income Statements & Discounted Cash Flow Analysis
- 2016 Pro Forma Income Statement is based on the 2016 preliminary budget provided by management
Berkshire Capital
EFTA01079044
Project Vega
Summary of Valuation as of 12/31/15: Nonmarketable Minority Interest Basis
Dollars in thousands, except number of shares and per share data
Rockefeller Financial Services, Inc.
Final Valuation of RFS Equity Interests
188,890
Class A Shares
(Voting Shares)
Outstanding
Aggregate Value
Price /Share Outstanding
flambee.
lisetTetal
36,800
32.95%
73,603
2,000.08
Notes:
(1) Due to variances of rights associated with different Class B non-voting shares, there may he additional economic value
associated with share ownership that is not reflected in the per share price represented on this page.
(2) Reflects a discount for lack of control, relative to the Class A Shares, of 23.0%.
Class B Shares'
(Non-Voting Shares)
Outstanding
Aggregate Value
Price / Share Outstanding'
Number_
% of Total
70,869
67.05%
115,291
1,539.90
Berkshire Capital
CONFIDENTIAL
1/23/2016 / PAGE 2 OF 41
EFTA01079045
Project Vega
Valuation as of 12/31/15: Nonmarketable Minority Interest Basis
Dollars in thousands
Methodologies
Methodology
Weightings
Indicated
Value
A.
Guideline Publicly Traded Companies
20.0%
110,399
B.
Guideline Acquisitions
40.0%
101,246
C.
DCF Analysis
40.0%
113,616
108,025
Plus: Excess Working Capital
72,154
Plus: Long-Term Assets
3,258
Plus: Present Value of Tax Benefit Due to Accumulated Tax Loss Carryforwards (1)
9,752
Minus: Long-Term Debt Obligations
(4,295)
188,894
Plus 10.0%
207,783
Minus 10.0%
170,005
Note:
(1)
Represents the weighted average value across 25 discrete scenarios of the total nominal tax benefit attributable to the Tax Loss
Carryforwards of $14 million as of 12/31/2015, discounted at the estimated cost of equity capital for RFS of 15.46%. Please refer
to footnote 7 on page 6 for the weightings applied across the 25 discrete scenarios.
Berkshire Capital
CONFIDENTIAL
1/23/2016 / PAGE 3 OF 41
EFTA01079046
Project Vega
Summary Results of Valuation Methodologies as of 12/31/15: Nonmarketable Minority Interest Basis
Dollars in thousands
Rockefeller Financial Services
Methodology
Weightings
Methodologies
Indicated
Values /
Multiples
20.0%
A. Based on Median Multiples for Guideline Publicly Traded
Investment Management Firms:
110,399
Price / 2015E Pre-Tax Income
Price / 2015E Revenues
Price /Assets Under Management
15.4x
1.29x
1.06%
40.0%
B. Based on Median Multiples for Guideline Acquisitions of
Investment Management Firms:
101,246
Price / 2015E Pre-Tax Income
Price / 2015E Revenues
Price /Assets Under Management
14.1x
1.18x
D.97%
40.0%
C. Discounted Cash Flow Analysis:
113,616
Price / 2015E Pre-Tax Income
Price / 2015E Revenues
Price / Assets Under Management
15.9x
1.33x
1.09%
108,025
Price / 2015E Pre-Tax Income
Price / 2015E Revenues
Price / Assets Under Management
15.1x
1.26x
1.03%
Berkshire Capital
CONFIDENTIAL
1/23/2016 / PAGE 4 OF 41
EFTA01079047
Project Vega
RFS Summary of Indicated Values as of 12/31/15: Nonmorketable Minority Interest Basis
Reference
Pro FCM113
Methodologies
Multiples
Statistics
Indicated
Values
A. Based on Median Multiples for Guideline Publicly Traded Investment Management Firms (1):
Pace/Current Fiscal Year Projected (2015E)Pre-Tax Income (35% Weighting)
9.8x
7,159
70,247
Price/ Forward Fiscal Year Projected (2016E) Pre-Tax Income (35% Weight' ng)
8.9x
10,371
92,362
Price/Current Fiscal Year Projected (2015E) Revenues (30% Weighting)
3.19x
85,700
273,763
Small Firm Discount (2)
-17.0%
Discount for lack of Marketability (3)
-4.3%
110,399
B. Based on Median Multiples for Guideline Acquisitions of Investment Management Firms (4):
Slice / Cur rent Fiscal Year Projected (2015E) Pre-Tax Income (60% Weighting)
9.5x
7,159
67,788
Price/ Current Fiscal Year Projected (2015E) Revenues, (40.0% Weighting):
2.82x
85,700
241,879
Discount for lack of Marketability (31
-4.3%
Discount for lack of Control 151
-23.0%
101,246
C. Discounted Cash Flow Analysis (6):
New Business Scenario (10-Year Annual Average, % of Beginning AUM)
Total Return kenarlo (10-Year
Optimistic
Outperform
Neutral Underperfomi
Pessimistic
Annual Average)
11.90%
9.90%
7.90%
5.91%
3.91%
Optimistic
4.00%
295,307
238,348
187,967
140,424
95,525
Outperform
2.00%
246,747
195,216
149,769
102,716
65,383
Neutral
0.00%
203,338
158,476
111,295
71,583
46,040
Underperform
-2.00%
166,367
120,639
79.458
49,307
33,628
Pessimistic
-4.00%
131,310
88,095
55,426
36,790
21,953
Indicated Value Based on Weighted Average of Scenario Analyses (7)
118,733
Discount for lack of Marketability (3)
-4.3%
113,616
Berkshire Capital
CONFIDENTIAL
1/23/2016 / PAGE 5 OF 41
EFTA01079048
Project Vega
RFS Summary of Indicated Values as of 12/31/15: Nonmarketoble Minority Interest Basis
Dollars in thousands
Notes:
Ill
Based on market prices as of December 31, 2015. See Exhibit A.
12)
Represents the weighted average discount, applying 60%/ 40% weightings to the 5-year and 10-year discounts, where the discount equals
the ratio of Das divided by DCF,. minus one. DCFs equals the base-case DCF calculated at the subject firm's estimated cost of equity capital
and DOI equals the base-case DCF calculated at the median industry cost of equity capital. See Exhibits C and D. RFS has lower AVM
than any of the publicly traded comparable companies, warranting the use of a discount for small size. See Exhibit A.
131 In the case of a nonmarketable minority interest valuation, represents the estimated discount for lack of marketability for a representative
investment management firm. 20.0% of the total discount is applied to RFS due to existing internal buy/sell arrangements for RFS shares. See Exhibit F.
let
The multiples are based on guideline acquisitions for which pricing data is available. See Exhibit B.
IS)
The discount for lack of control, if applicable, is equal to 1 - 1 /I 1 ♦ d where d is equal to the 40th percentile control premium.
(6)
See "Net New Business & Total Return Scenarios" for a description of the net new business and total return scenarios.
17)
Based on the joint probability distribution below. The independent probability of occurrence for each scenario
is included in italics.
Total Return
Scenario
Probability
New Business Scenario
Optimistic
10.0%
Outperform
20.0%
Neutral Undeeperforrn
40.0%
20.0%
Pessimistic
10.0%
Optimistic
10.0%
1.000%
2.000%
4O00%
2.000%
1.O00%
Outperform
20.0%
2.000%
4.000%
8.000%
4.000%
2.O00%
Neutral
40.0%
4.000%
8.000%
16.000%
6.000%
4.O00%
Underperform
20.0%
2.000%
4.000%
8.000%
4.000%
2.000%
Pessimistic
10.0%
1.000%
2.000%
&0W%
2.000%
1.000%
100.000%
Berkshire Capital
CONFIDENTIAL
1/23/2016 / PAGE 6 OF 41
EFTA01079049
Project Vega
RFS Consolidated Historical Income Statements
Dolton in thousands. unless noted
Year Ended December 31,
2009 - 2015E
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015E
CAGR
REVENUES
Investment Management Fees
27,310
29,939
32,813
36,490
48,354
47.890
49,989
10.6%
Professional and Administrative Services Fees
20,770
21,996
22,974
23,875
25,244
26,533
23,965
2.4%
Trust Services Fees
9,928
11,386
12,131
12,505
13,481
15,075
14,905
7.0%
Partnership Income (Losses), net
258
181
(33)
(24)
(18)
52
38
-27.3%
Interest and Other
302
514
299 (1)
356
505
750
566
11.0%
Total Revenues
58,568
64,016
68,184
73,202
87,566
90,300
89,363
7.3%
EXPENSES
--.--
Compensation (Pre Bonus) & Benefits
40,935
38,216
43,188
45,071
44,892
43,647
44,118
1.3%
Professional Fees
8,571
6,499
5,828
5,711
6,622
7.167
7.335
-2.6%
Occupancy
7,378
7,002
6,770
6,966
7,253
7,033
7,121
-0.6%
Marketing & Communications
3,874
3,749
3,516
4,002
4,690
4,673
5,021
4.4%
Travel & Entertainment
722
834
1,392
1,342
1,261
975
1.083
7.0%
General & Administrative
3,304
3,483
3,636
4,754
4,800
4.850
5,168
7.7%
Other Expenses
927
1,141
1,226
432
834
190
140
-27.0%
Subtotal Expenses
S
60,924
65,556
68,278
70,352
68,535
69,986
1.1%
EBITDA (Pre Bonus)
(7,143)
3,092
2,628
4,924
17,214
21,765
19.377
NM
Bonus Pool
(10,054)
(10,627)
(10,466)
(9,464)
(11,151)
(12,102)
(12,500)
3.7%
Depreciation & Amortization
(1,871)
(2,719)
(2,435)
(1,904)
(1,735)
(1,396)
(1,167)
-7.6%
Interest Expense
-
-
NM
PRE-TAX INCOME
(19,068)
(10,254)
(10,273)
(6,444)
4,328
8,267
5,710
NM
Special Items
5,000
1,000 (1)
-
Pre-Tax Income after Special Items
(14,068)
(10,254)
(9,273)
(6,444)
4.328
8,267
5,710
NM
Pre-Tax Margin
-32.6%
-16.0%
-15.1%
-8.8%
4.9%
9.2%
6.4%
Total Compensation/ Revenues
87.1%
76.3%
78.7%
74.5%
64.0%
61.7%
63.4%
Occupancy/ Revenues
12.6%
10.9%
9.9%
9.5%
8.3%
7.8%
8.0%
Bonus Pool/ Revenues
17.2%
16.6%
15.3%
12.9%
12.7%
13.4%
14.0%
% Change in Total Revenues
NA
9.3%
6.5%
7.4%
19.6%
3.1%
-1.0%
6,569
7,071
7,085
10,437
10549
9.591
10,443
8.0%
8,907
10,364
12,115
16,023
16,699
15.591
16,306
10.6%
ASSETS UNDER ADMINISTRATION ($MM)
24,693
25,869
32,129
40,235
43,832
43.094
42,236
9.4%
Average Assets Under Administration (SMM)
15,173
25,281
28,999
36,182
42,033
43.463
42,665
Note:
Ill
Eliminated a one time receipt of a lease termination fee from 'Interest and Other' and added it to 'Special items.'
Berkshire Capital
CONFIDENTIAL
1/23/2016 /
PAGE 7 OF 41
EFTA01079050
Project Vega
RFS Consolidated Historical Income Statements
%of revenuer
Year Ended December 31,
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015E
REVENUES
Investment Management Fees
46.6%
46.8%
48.1%
49.8%
55.2%
53.0%
55.8%
Professional and Administrative Services Fees
35.5%
34.4%
33.7%
32.6%
28.8%
29.4%
26.8%
Trust Services Fees
17.0%
17.8%
17.8%
17.1%
15.4%
16.7%
16.7%
Partnership Income (Losses), net
0.4%
0.3%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.1%
0.0%
Interest and Other
0.5%
0.8%
0.4%
0.5%
0.6%
0.8%
0.6%
Total Revenues
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
EXPENSES
Compensation (Pre Bonus) & Benefits
69.9%
59.7%
63.3%
61.6%
51.3%
48.3%
49.4%
Professional Fees
14.6%
10.2%
8.5%
7.8%
7.6%
7.9%
8.2%
Occupancy
12.6%
10.9%
9.9%
9.5%
8.3%
7.8%
8.0%
Marketing & Communications
6.6%
5.9%
5.2%
5.5%
5.4%
5.2%
5.6%
Travel & Entertainment
1.2%
1.3%
2.0%
1.8%
1.4%
1.1%
1.2%
General & Administrative
5.6%
5.4%
5.3%
6.5%
5.5%
5.4%
5.8%
Other Expenses
1.6%
1.8%
1.8%
0.6%
1.0%
0.2%
0.2%
Subtotal Expenses
112.2%
95.2%
96.1%
93.3%
80.3%
75.9%
78.3%
EBITDA (Pre Bonus)
-12.2%
4.8%
3.9%
6.7%
19.7%
24.1%
21.7%
Bonus Pool
-17.2%
-16.6%
-15.3%
-12.9%
-12.7%
-13.4%
-14.0%
Depreciation & Amortization
-3.2%
-4.2%
-3.6%
-2.6%
-2.0%
-1.5%
-1.3%
Interest Expense
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
PRE-TAX INCOME
-32.6%
-16.0%
-15.1%
4.8%
4.9%
9.2%
6.4%
Special Items
8.5%
0.0%
1.5%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
Pre-Tax Income after Special Items
-24.0%
-16.0%
-13.6%
4.8%
4.9%
9.2%
6.4%
Berkshire Capital
CONFIDENTIAL
1/23/2016 / PAGE 8 OF 41
EFTA01079051
Project Vega
RFS Consolidated Balance Sheet, as of 11/30/1S
Dollars in thousands
RFS
Pre-Sale
RockIT
Adj. (1)
RFS
Post-Sale
% of Total
Assets
RFS
Pre-Sale
MST
14).(1)
RFS
Post-Sale
%of Total
Assets
CURRENT ASSETS
Cash and Cash EquNalents
65,202
1,502
66,744
62.8%
Payables and Accrued Liabilities
3,005
(672)
2,333
2.9%
Held-to-Maturity Securities -Trust Companies
21,215
21,215
20.4%
Deferred Revenue
2,316
(333)
1,983
2.2%
Restricted Cash
533
(533)
0.5%
Accrued Bonus
11,001
(889)
10,112
10.6%
Trading Securities
4,999
4,999
4.8%
Total Current Liabilities
16,322
(1,894)
14,428
15.7%
Receivables, net, and Income Tax Receivables
4,904
(217)
4,687
4.7%
Total Current Assets
96,853
792
97,645
93.2%
FIXED ASSETS
Property and Equipment, net
3.302
(1,1901
2,152
3.2%
Deferred Rent Expense
2,537
043)
1,794
2.4%
Total Fixed Assets, net
3.302
(1,1901
2,152
3.2%
Accrued Post-Retirement Benefits
4.295
4,295
4.1%
Total Non-Current liabilities
6,832
(743)
6,089
6.6%
23,154
(2,637)
20,517
22.3%
Investments in Partnerships, at fair value
304
304
0.3%
Deferred Tax Assets, net
72
72
0.1%
EQUITY
Other
3,323
(4411
2.882
3.2%
Common Stock- Cass A Shares, $1 par value
37
37
0.0%
Total Non-Current Assets
3,699
(4411
3.258
3.6%
Common Stock- Cass B Shares, $1 par value
75
75
0.1%
TOTAL ASSETS
103,890
(8391
103.055
100.0%
Additional Paid-In Capital
136,697
(25,052)
111,645
131.6%
Retained Earnings (Accumulated Deficit)
(55,335)
26,850
(28,485)
-53.3%
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income
1,491
1,491
1.4%
Note Receivable from Class A Stockholder
(1,60D)
(1,61:0)
-1.5%
WORKING CAPITAL
80,531
2,686
83.217
Treasury Stock, at cost (Class B common)
(625)
(625)
-0.6%
Total Equity
80,740
1,798
82,538
77.7%
TOTAL LIABILITIB -t EQUITY
103.894
(839)
103,055
100.036
Notes:
(1) Adjustments from RockIT transaction provided to Berkshire Capital by Vega management team. Estimated 52.0mm cash proceeds from sale reflected on pro forma balance sheet.
Berkshire Capital
CONFIDENTIAL
1/23/2016 / PAGE 9 OF 41
EFTA01079052
Project Vega
RFS Consolidated Pro Forma Income Statement Oasis for Valuation
Dolton n thousands. unless 00W
REVENUES
Projected Year Ending December 31, 2015
Projected Year Ending December 31, 2016
RFS
RocklT
Consolidated
Adjustments (a)
RFS
Consolidated
Pro Forma
Adjustments
Pro
Forma
RFS
Consolidated
Pro Forma
Adjustments
Pro
Poems
Investment Management Fees
49,889
49,889
49.899
53540
53,540
Professional & Administrative Services Fees
23,965
(3,625)
20,340
20.340
21.351
21.351
Trust & Estate Services Fees
14,905
-
14,905
14,905
15529
15,529
Partnership Income (Losses), net
38
-
38
(38) b.
.
-
-
Interest & Other
566 (1)
-
566
566
399
(2)
399
Total Revenues
89,363
(3,625)
85738
(38)
85.700
90219
90,819
EXPENSES
Salaries
32,653
(7,564)
25,089
25,039
27,365
27,365
401(k) Plan & Post-Retitement Benefits
1,907
(458)
1,449
1,449
1,720
1,720
Other Employee Benefits
3,712
(994)
2,718
2,718
2236
2,836
Stock Incentive Plan
2,830
-
2230
12,830) c.
.
3,794
(3,794) c.
-
Other Compensation
2,808
13)
(674)
2,134
2,134
2,174
(4)
2,174
Severance
208
(8)
200
1200) d.
.
360
1360) d.
-
Compensation (Pre Bonus) & Benefits
44,118
(9,698)
34,420
13,030)
31,390
38,249
14,154)
34,095
Occupancy
7,121
(3,012)
6,109
6,109
5,608
5,608
Marketing
663
663
663
721
721
Communications
4,359
(3,441)
2,517
2,517
2,574
2.574
Professional Fees
7,335
(1,109)
6,226
6,226
5,752
5,752
Seeking Fees
-
13,881
13,881
13,881
14,000
14,000
Travel& Entertainment
1,083
(35)
1,048
1,048
1,026
1,026
General & Administrative
5168
(746)
4,422
4,422
4,453
4,453
Other Expenses
140
120)
120
120
114
114
Total Operating Expenses
69,986
(580)
69,406
(3.030)
66,376
72,497
(4,154)
68,343
EBITDA (Pee Bonus)
19,377
(3,045)
16,332
2992
19,324
1.8.322
4,154
22,476
Bonus Pool
(12,500)
1,085
(11,4151
5
e.
(11..410)
(11,573)
111,573)
Depreciation & AmortizatIan
(1.167)
412
(755)
-
()SS)
(532)
(532)
PRE-TAX INCOME
5710
(1.548)
4,162
2,997
7,159
6,217
4,154
10,371
Pre-Tax Margin
6.4%
4.9%
8.4%
6.8%
11.4%
Total Compensation / Revenues
63.4%
53.5%
49.9%
51.9%
50.3%
Employee Benefits/ Salaries
17.2%
156%
16.6%
16.6%
16.6%
OttvPancy/ Revenues
&0%
7.1%
7.1%
6.2%
6.2%
Marketing & Communications/ Revenues
5.6%
3.7%
3.7%
3.6%
3.6%
Professional Fees/Revenues
&2%
7.3%
7.3%
6.3%
6.3%
Sentking Fees/Revenues
0.0%
16.2%
16.2%
15.4%
ISA%
Travel& Entertainment/ Revenues
1.2%
1.2%
1.2%
1.1%
1.1%
General & Administrative/ Revenues
58%
5.2%
5.2%
4.9%
4.9%
Bonus Pool / Revenues
14.0%
13.3%
13.3%
12.7%
12.7%
10,443
10,443
10,443
11,295
11,295
ASSETS UNDER ADVISEMENT ($MM)
16,306
16,306
16,306
17,628
17,628
ASSETS UNDER ADMINISTRATION ($MM)
42,236
(13,587)
28,649
28,649
30,958
30,958
Average Assets Under Administration (SPAM)
42,665
04,557)
28,108
28,108
29,804
29,804
Berkshire Capital
CONFIDENTIAL
1/23/2016 / PAGE 10 OF 41
EFTA01079053
Project Vega
RFS Canso!Rioted Pro Forma Income Statement Basis for Valuation
Dollars 01 thousands, unless noted
Matto
a. Adjusted to reflect goionvard revenue and cost basis post-sale of RocklT Solutions, LLC. Source: Vega Management.
b. Adjusted to account for capitalization of partnership assets.
e. Adjusted to ekninate non-cash stock incentive plan expense; the cash taxes related to this expense are deducted in the OCF analysis.
d. Eliminates non-recurring expenses.
e. Adjusted bonus pool to equal the same percentage of revenues as the unadjusted percentage under the 'MS Consoidated" columns for each respective fiscal year.
Line Item Detais:
(1) Interest and Other includes: (i) Gains (Losses) on Trading Securities, net; (ii) Interest and Dividends; and (A) Other.
(2) Interest and Other includes: (i) Interest and Dividends and (ii) Other.
(3) Other Compensation includes: (i) Commissions; (ii) Payroll Taxes; and (iii) Other Compensation.
(4) Other Compensation includes: (i) Payroll Taxes and (ii) Other Compensation.
Berkshire Capital
CONFIDENTIAL
1/23/2016 / PAGE 11 OF 41
EFTA01079054
Project Vega
RFS PrOletted Income Statements & Discounted Cosh Flow Analysis
0o0onin thonono',. a/Oilsnixed
GAAP
Adjusted
GAAP
Adjusted
Projected Year Ending December 31,
2015-2020
2015-2025
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
20:0
2024
2015
CAGR
CAGR
REVENUES
Investment Management Fees
49.889
52543
57,965
62,806
68)65
73,878
80,291
87,276
94,661
102219
109.892
8.2%
12%
Professional & Administratne Services Fees
20,340
21.351
22.014
23,241
20409
25,851
27,266
28.759
30,266
31,700
33,031
4.9%
5.0%
Trust & Estate Services Fees
14,905
15)29
16,771
18,113
19)62
21,127
22,817
20,643
26,550
28,072
30.392
7.2%
7.4%
Interest & Other
566
399
411
434
161
489
520
554
590
629
670
3.9%
1.7%
Total Revenues
86703
90)19
97,191
104.594
112497
121.345
130394
141231
152.067
163,020
173.914
7.2%
7.3%
% change from prior year
NA
6.016
7.0%
7.6%
7.7%
7.8%
7.9%
7.9%
7.7%
7.2%
67%
WENS!)
Salaries
2,am
27365
29,093
31,087
33)28
35,552
38,070
40,775
43,591
46217
49)26
7.2%
7.0%
401(11 Plan & Post.Retirement Bends
1µ9
1,720
1,829
1,954
2)89
2,235
2,393
2563
2,740
2,917
3.094
9.0%
7.9%
Other Employee Benefits
2,718
2,836
3,015
3,222
3,444
3,684
3,94S
0,226
4,518
4,810
5,102
6.3%
6.5%
Stock Incentive Plan
2,830
3,794
3,790
3,794
3,794
3,794
3,794
3,790
3,794
1,794
3,790
6.0%
3.0%
Other Compensation
2134
4174
2.311
2070
2µ0
2.824
3.024
3,239
3.463
3.688
3.911
S.8%
62%
Compensatan (Pre Bonus) & Bend As
34,120
37)89
40,042
42,527
45,194
49,089
51,226
50,597
58,106
61,626
65,127
7.0%
66%
Occupancy
6,109
54843
5,661
5,724
5,725
5,729
S,765
5,791
5,823
5,903
5,932
-1.3%
0.3%
Marketing
663
721
901
1,127
1,408
1,760
2,280
2.750
3,031
4,297
6372
21.6%
23.3%
Cannualicatans
2,517
2.374
2,703
2,838
2,980
3,129
3,285
3,449
3,622
3)03
3,993
4.0%
4.7%
Professional Fees
6,226
5,752
5.925
6,102
6.285
6,074
6,668
6868
7.074
7,286
7.506
0.8%
1.9%
Servicing Fees
13,981
14)80
14,983
16,042
17,183
18,017
19,709
22186
22,689
24,211
25,739
S.8%
64%
Travel 8 Entertammem
1,048
1426
1329
1,241
1.366
1,502
1,652
1.818
1,999
2,199
2.419
7.5%
67%
General &Administrative
4,022
4,453
4.587
4,724
4,866
5,012
6162
5.317
5,077
5,641
5,810
2.5%
2.8%
Other Expenses
120
114
122
131
141
152
164
177
191
205
218
4.9%
62%
Total Operating Espemes
69,206
72,137
76.052
80,457
85,148
90 263
95,873
101.950
109,419
115,172
122315
5.5%
£8%
ERMA (Pre Saws,
16,494
18,692
21340
24,137
27,449
31,082
35,022
39,277
43,649
07,848
51.868
11.5%
12.1%
Bonus Pool
112,503)
(11.873)
(11.663)
02,3511
(13412)
114,561)
(167071
(16.948)
118,249)
(19,5621
(20,878)
3.1%
£3%
Depreciation & Amortizatsan
(7551
(532)
IS59)
(5871
(6161
(647)
(679)
1713)
(749)
(7861
1825)
4.1%
0.9%
PRETAX INCOME
3,239
6.577
8,918
10.999
13121
15,874
11635
21,616
24,652
27,499
30,165
37.4%
25.0%
% change from prior year
NA
I03.2%
%
23.3%
LI%
1 . %
17.46
1
14.0%
11.5%
9.7%
ANANOAL PATIOS
Pre Tax Margin
3.8%
7.2%
9.2%
10.5%
11.8%
13.1%
14.2%
15.3%
16.2%
16.9%
17.3%
Total Compensation/Revenues
543%
54.5%
53.2%
57-7%
52.1%
51.6%
51.1%
50.7%
50.2%
49.8%
49.4%
Occupancy /Revenues
7.1%
6.2%
S.8%
53%
£1%
4.7%
4.4%
4.1%
3.8%
3.6%
3.4%
Marketing/Revenues
0.8%
0.8%
0.9%
1.1%
1.3%
1.5%
1.7%
1.9%
2.3%
2.6%
3.1%
Ccenrmaticatans / Revenues
2.9%
2.8%
2.8%
27%
2.6%
2.6%
25%
2.4%
2.0%
1.3%
2.1%
Professional Fees/Revenues
7.3%
63%
6.1%
5.8%
5.6%
5.3%
&I%
4.9%
4.7%
OS%
4.3%
Servicing Fees/Revenues
16.2%
15.4%
15.4%
15.3%
15.3%
15.2%
15.1%
15.0%
14.9%
14.9%
14.8%
Travel& Entertainment/Revenues
1.2%
1.1%
1.2%
1.2%
1.2%
1.2%
1.3%
1.3%
1.3%
1.3%
1.4%
General & Administrative/ Revenues
5.2%
4.9%
4.7%
4.5%
4.3%
4.1%
3.9%
3.8%
3.6%
3.5%
3.3%
Bonus Pool/Revenues
14.6%
12.7%
12.0%
12.0%
12.0%
12.0%
17-0%
12.0%
12.0%
12.0%
12.0%
TOTAL MANAGED ASSL1SISMM)
10,443
12295
12239
13,259
10)73
15,617
16,973
18.449
19,966
21.312
23,075
8.4%
8.3%
94 change from prior year
8.2%
14%
13%
8.4%
8.7%
8.7%
8.7%
8.2%
7.7%
7.3%
16,306
17,628
19,078
20,645
22.349
24,232
26,277
21498
30,769
33,071
35185
8.2%
8.1%
94 change from prior year
8.2%
8.2%
82%
8.3%
8.4%
8.4%
8.5%
80%
7.5%
7.0%
28,649
30,958
33175
36.191
39,142
42,369
05)64
46652
53)09
52,001
61299
8.1%
7.9%
96 change from prior year
8.2%
8.1%
8.1%
8.1%
8.2%
8.3%
8.3%
7.8%
7.3%
68%
Notes:
a
line item reflect unadmstoi figures for 2014E and 2015E
Berkshire Capital
CONFIDENTIAL
1/23/2016 /
PAGE 12 OF 41
EFTA01079055
Project Vega
RFS Needed Income Statements & Discounted Cosh Flow Mahon
Ocean in thonorrth. unless mrted
Pro forma
Projected Year Ending December 11.
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2028
2024
2026
Taxes Paid
(1)
2.631
3.567
4,400
5.328
6.349
7,454
8.647
9,861
11,000
12.066
5-YEAR CASH FLOW ANALYSIS
Net Income
(1)
3,946
5,351
6,600
7.993
9,524
Stock Incentive Plan
3,790
3,794
3,794
3,794
3,794
Stock Incentive Plan Cash Taxes
110001
(1.000)
(1,0001
41.0001
(1,030)
Depreciation & Amortisaban
-
532
559
587
616
647
Carnal Expenditures
-
410001
1587)
(6161
(6471
4679)
Additions to Waiting Capital
(2)
.
(3281
02)
(7341
(7821
(533)
Oistnbutions
5,944
7.465
8,630
9,974
11,433
Terminal Value
-
175,197
5,944
7.465
8430
9,974
18%630
10•YEAR CASH RAY/ANALYSIS
Net Income
(1)
3,946
5.351
6,0:0
7,991
9,524
11,181
12,970
14,791
16,499
18.099
Stock Incentive Plan
3,790
3,790
3,794
3,790
3,794
3,790
3,794
3,794
3,790
3,794
Stock Incentive Plan • Cash Taxes
110001
(1,000)
(1,0:01
(1000)
(1,000)
110001
0.0001
(1,000)
11,0001
(1.000)
Deprecation & Amortisaban
S32
559
587
616
647
679
713
749
786
825
Capital Expenditures
410001
1587)
(6161
(6471
4679)
(7131
17491
(786)
(8251
1867)
Additions to Working Capital
(2)
(3281
1652)
(7341
(7821
(353)
(9351
0.0141
(1,077)
11.1261
42.157)
Ontnbutions
5,944
7.465
8,630
9,974
11,433
13,006
14,715
16.470
18,129
19,695
Terminal Value
•
•
•
233.914
5,944
7.465
8.630
9,174
11.433
13.006
14,715
16.470
18.129
253.609
Sth Year
10th Year
A
Maanum Terminal Multiple
(3)
10.50x
10.50x
Discount Itate44)
11.82%
15.46%
Mmimurn Termmal Multiple
(3)
5.806
5.00x
Five.Year PV
130,571
112,929
Maanum Growth Rate
(5)
20.00%
20.00%
%of PV Represented by PV of Terminal Value
763%
75.6%
Mmimurn Growth Rate
(5)
5.00%
5.00%
Discount Relative to PV at Industry E.
NA
13.5%
3-year Pre.Tax Income GAGA
15.66%
10.15%
Ten•Year PV
140,074
108143
Multiple of Pre-Tax Income
(6)
8.91*
6.89*
%of PV Represented by PV of Terminal Value
54.6%
51.1%
Percentile Rank vs. Guideline Ccenpanes
480%
14S%
Discount Relativeto PV at Industry 6,
NA
22.3%
Terminal Value
(7)
175,197
233,914
Weighted Average PV (SI
134,372
111,295
Weighted Average Discount at Industry L,
NA
17.0%
footnoteson blowing pap.
Berkshire Capital
CONFIDENTIAL
1/23/2016 /
PAGE 13 OF 41
EFTA01079056
Project Vega
RFSProjededIncome Statements & Discounted Cosh Flow Analysis
Ocean u, Maori*. emirs, mrted
Notes:
(1)
In the case of a nonmarketable minority interest valuation of a C corporaton, the DCF analysts utilizes the &helm.* tax rate tithe subject firm (40.0%).
(2)
Additions based on the ',crease in annual operating expenses.
(3)
Compared to 25th and 75th percentile multiples for guidelne acquisitions of g.3x and 116x, respectively. and the 25th and 75th percentile multiples for guideline publicly traded fins,
after applicabk discounts and premiums, of 6.4x and 8.0x, respectively.
(4)
Case A corresponds to the subject fern's cash flows discounted at the median estmated cost of equitycarnal of the pakline publicly traded companies, reflecting actual kverage ratios and applicable
size premiums. Case 0 corresponds to the subject firm's cash flows discounted at an emanated cost of equity capital reflecting a 573 basis point size prerniwn based on the subject firm's relative
valuation and a 0 basis pont corrpantspecific risk member..
(5)
Compared to 25th and 75th percenNefiveyear estimated EPS growth rates for publicly traded calvaries of 64% and 15.0%, respectwely.
(6)
Terminal multiplesare equal to TMun•(TMuvt TMwm DOG G,... /4 C‘,„ • G.., IdMICTO
trainman terminal multiple
a
maximum terminal multiple
G
a
3-year trades CAGR tar pre-tax mcome plus ncocash add backs (tie., stack ncemwe plan).
Gun
a
minenum growth rate
Gus,
a
maximum growth rate
(7)
Prior to applyng a multiple to pretax income, the stock intent.** plan pretax expense is added back to the Sth and 10th year pretax income.
(8)
6016weighting appked to Sitar OCF, 40% weighting applied to 10year OCP.
Berkshire Capital
CONFIDENTIAL
1/23/2016 / PAGE 14 OF 41
EFTA01079057
Project Vega
Working Capitol & Other Assumptions
0odan in Movsoexis. Intl noted
Projected Year Ending December 31,
2015
2016
2017
201.8
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
2025
WOOXING CAPITAL
Opening Balance
83,217
11.063
11.391
1/.013
11.777
13.559
14.411
15,346
16.360
17.437
18,563
Ontributan of Excess Workng Carnal
(72,150)
Additions to Working Capital
(1)
316
651
734
781
853
935
1.014
1.077
1.116
1,157
Clown Balance
11,063
11,391
12.043
12.777
13,559
14.412
15.346
16360
17.437
18.563
19,720
Portfolio Interest Income
(2)
399
411
034
461
489
520
554
590
629
670
Cumulative Additions to Working Capital:
&Ea
ASSUMPTIONS
Portfolio Interest Income Yield
(2)
3.61%
3.61%
3.61%
3.61%
341%
3.61%
3.61%
3.61%
3.61%
3.61%
%Change in Total Revenues
5.97%
7.02%
7.62%
7.66%
7.77%
7.87%
7.90%
7.67%
7.10%
6.73%
%Change in Salaries
(3)
90.00%
90.00%
9.07%
6.31%
6.85%
6.89%
6.99%
7.08%
7.11%
191%
6.48%
6.05%
401(111Plan& Post.Retirement Benefit as %of Salaries
(4)
6.29%
6.29%
6.29%
6.29%
6.29%
6.29%
6.29%
6.29%
6.29%
6.29%
Other Employee Benefits as %of Salaries
(5)
10.36%
10.36%
10.36%
10.36%
10.36%
10.36%
10.36%
10.36%
10.36%
10.36%
Other Compensation as % of Salaries
(6)
7.94%
7.94%
7.94%
7.94%
7.94%
7.94%
7.94%
7.94%
7.91%
7.90%
%Change in Office Rent
(7)
4.20%
0.95%
1.12%
0.01%
0.07%
0.63%
0.45%
0.55%
1.38%
0.48%
%Change in Mattes
8.75%
2&00%
25.00%
25.00%
25,00%
25.00%
25.00%
25.00%
25.00%
25.00%
%Change in Communications
2.26%
S.00%
5.00%
5.00%
5.00%
5.00%
5.00%
5.00%
5.00%
&00%
%Change n Professional fees
-7.61%
3,00%
3.00%
3.00%
3.00%
3.00%
3.00%
100%
3.00%
3.00%
%Change n Servicing fees
0.86%
7.02%
7.07%
7.11%
7.18%
7.24%
7.27%
7.10%
6.71%
6.31%
%Change n Travel & Entertainment
4.10%
10.00%
10.00%
10.00%
10.00%
10.00%
10.00%
10.00%
10.00%
10.00%
%Change in General & Administrate*
0.70%
100%
3.00%
3.00%
3.00%
3.00%
3.00%
3.00%
3.00%
3.00%
%Change in Stock Incentive Plan
34.06%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00/6
Other Expenses as %of Revenues
0.13%
0.13%
0.13%
0.13%
0.13%
0.13%
0.13%
0.13%
0.13%
0.13%
Bonus Pool as% of Revenues
(8)
12.74%
12.00%
12.00%
12.00%
12.00%
12.00%
12.00%
12.00%
12.00%
12.00%
%Change in Depreciation &Ainonization
(9)
5.00%
-2934%
5.00%
5.00%
5.00%
5.00%
5.00%
5.00%
5.00%
5.00%
SAO%
%Change in Stock Incentive Plan Cash Taxes
0.00%
NA
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
Capital Expenditures
(101
1.05x
1,000
587
616
647
679
713
749
786
826
867
Non Cash Add Backs
Stock Incentive Plan
2,830
3,794
3.794
3,794
3,794
3,794
3,794
3,790
3,794
3,794
1794
Total
2,830
3,794
3,794
1,794
3,794
3,794
1,794
3,790
3,794
1,794
3,794
Notes:
(1)
Equal to the amount necessary to ecrease (decrease) working capital to 16.67% of RFS total operating expenses excludes the stock incentive plan and bonus pool
(2)
Pcmfole interest income based on opening balance of working capital. Assumes 100.00% of waken capital balance bears interest at 3.61%.
(3)
Salaries increase 9.07% in 2036 and then grow at 90.00% of revenue growth through 2020. In 2021 and 2022, revenues grow at 90.00% and 90.00% of revenuegrowth. After 2022,
salaries grow at 90.00% of revenue growth.
(4)
401(k) plan and past.regrement benefit equal stated percentage of salaries.
(5)
Other empbyee benefits equal stated percentage of salaries.
(6)
Other compensation equals stated percentage of salaries.
(7)
Office rent increases or decreases by stated percentage based on actual lease agreement and growth invariable costs of 3.00%. The decrease from 2015 to 2016 is due to space canes off lease that win not be replaced.
(8)
Bonus pool equals 12.74% of revenues in 2016 and 12.00% of revenues from 2017 onwards.
(9)
Depot:mean and amortization 'notches management's expectaticns in 2016 and Nemeses by 5.00% per year thereafter.
(101 Capital expenditures are estimated by management for 2016 and are assumed to equal 1.05x depreciation expense from 2017 onwards.
Berkshire Capital
CONFIDENTIAL
1/23/2016 / PAGE 15 OF 41
EFTA01079058
Project Vega
Client &earth Rote Assumptions
Dacus w entflims, unali onembe 4.4:04
FINAN0.41 SERVICES • CENT ACCOUNTS
Projected At or For the Year Ending December 31,
S Year
Avenge/
10 Year
Avenge/
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2083
2024
2023
CAGE
CAGE
Banns Accomts
345
361
379
392
418
439
461
484
506
526
New Accounts ill
15
IS
19
20
21
22
23
22
20
18
Total Accounts
345
361
379
398
418
439
461
484
506
526
544
491%
465%
New Accounts (% of Spiriting Accounts)
45%
5.0%
5.0%
5.076
50%
5.0%
5.0%
4.5%
4.0%
15%
Fee Per Account l$0301
51
51
51
51
51
51
51
51
S1
51
Total Annual Fees 6001
17,572
1Sµ5
13,905
19,851
20,248
21,896
22,926
24,147
15491
26,37i
27,343
4_50%
4.52%
Fee Per Account Mnwl Growth
0.5%
OA14
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
OA%
0.0%
0.0%
UNFAV SYNC* Feel (6000)
17,572
1Sµ5
13,905
19,951
20)348
21,896
22.996
24,147
15491
26,371
27,343
teat=
III
At
new accounts Looked ratiON Vita-ghoul the year.
Berkshire Capital
CONFIDENTIAL
1/23/2016 / PAGE 16 OF 41
EFTA01079059
Project Vega
External Servking Expense Rot 'lanyard
&Won in malass, unless caltovMe toad
At Nov.30,
Protected At or For the Year Ending December 31„
5 Year
Avenge/
10Year
Average/
2015
2016
2017
2015
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
202A
2025
CAGE
CAGE
UNNW & wealth Management Assets
2214
23,920
25,334
27,900
30.132
32,543
35,147
37,958
40,805
43,661
46,499
807%
7.70%
Fee Baas
0.03%
0.03%
003%
0.03%
aim'
0.03%
0.03%
0.03%
0.03%
0.03%
0.03%
SeMcing Fee (30000
7,362
7,656
8269
8,930
9,645
10,416
11,250
12,150
13,090
14,038
14,984
7.19%
7.37%
Partnership Assets
2,044
2,203
2,384
2,575
2.781
3,003
3.234
3,503
3,766
4,029
4.291
1300%
7.70%
Fee Data
004%
0.04%
0.0116
0.04%
acm%
0.04%
0.04%
004%
0.04%
0.04%
0.04%
multiple.-
3.705
3.705
3.704
3.70s
3.705
3.701
3.704
3.70e
3.705
3.701
3.705
Servicing Fee (SOON
3,023
3,146
3.398
3,670
3.963
4,283
4,623
4,993
5,379
5,768
6,157
7.19%
7.37%
Sub-Advisory/ Institutional Assets
1,610
1,766
1.347
2,144
2.369
2,653
2,971
3,328
3,710
4,119
4,351
1037%
1028%
Fee Data
0.02%
0.02%
0.02%
0.02%
acu%
0.02%
0.02%
002%
0.02%
0.02%
0.02%
Servicing Fee (SOON
324
339
371
409
451
502
562
630
701
783
867
9.16%
10.35%
Account Fee (3000s)
3,170
2,959
2,945
3,033
3.124
3,283
3.314
3,414
3,516
3,622
3,730
03016
1.64%
Assigned Growth
9.8%
30%
30%
3.0%
3.0%
30%
3.0%
3.0%
3.0%
30%
Total Assets
25,812
27294
30,165
32,620
35.282
38,199
41.361
44,789
48,281
51,309
55,342
316%
7.93%
Servicing Foes (6000S1
13,881
14,000
14,983
16,042
17.183
18,417
19,749
21,186
22,689
24,211
25,739
522%
6.37%
Berkshire Capital
CONFIDENTIAL
1/23/2016 / PAGE 17 OF 41
EFTA01079060
Project Vega
PartnershipServidagrees
CloYets
ochetwisenowd
At Nov.30,
Projected At or For Me Year Ending December 31,
S Year
Morale/
10Year
Average/
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
2025
CAGR
CAGR
Besotting Pannership Assets
2,044
2.208
2.39A
2,575
2,781
3.003
3,244
3,503
3,766
4,029
Net New Business
164
177
191
206
222
240
259
263
264
262
Total Rehm
-
•
•
Ending Partnership Assets
2044
2208
1,384
2575
2.781
3,003
3244
3,503
3.766
4.029
4,291
800%
7.70%
%Change From Nor Year
8.00%
8.00%
800%
1100%
8.00%
8.00%
8.00%
7.50%
3.00%
630%
Net New Business
800%
8.00%
800%
803%
8.00%
81076
8.00%
7.50%
3.00%
6.50%
8.00%
7.70%
Total Return
000%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
O00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
Total Return on Net New BOSOM III
OM%
0.00%
010%
CL00%
0.00%
0.00%
O00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
Net Asset Growth
8.00%
8.00%
&CO%
8.00%
8.00%
600%
8.00%
7.50%
3.00%
6.50%
8.00%
7.70%
Average Partnership Assets
2064
2,126
2296
2.479
2,678
23192
3,123
3,373
3,634
3.898
4,160
AVOW* F ee 63116
0.134%
0.137%
0.137%
0.137%
0.137%
0.137%
0.137%
0.137%
0.137%
0.137%
0.137%
Partnersho Fees ¿06061
2,768
2,986
3.139
3,390
3,661
3,954
4.270
4,612
4,969
5329
5,688
7.39%
7.47%
Notes:
(II Assumes net new bulaness booked ratably throughout the year.
Berkshire Capital
CONFIDENTIAL
1/23/2016 / PAGE 18 OF 41
EFTA01079061
Project Vega
Investment Management AUA Growth Rate Assumptions
DoSeers
am( tts ~mist n> f0
At Nev. 30,
Projected At or Forth/ Year Ending December 31,
5Year
Average /
10Year
Average/
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2014
2025
CA%
CAGR
TO741 INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT ASSETS
%pinkie IM Assets
23.768
25,686
27,781
30,045
32,501
35,1%
38,118
41,286
44,516
47,780
Net New %fines
1,918
2,095
2.266
2,456
2,695
2.922
3,168
3,230
3.265
3,270
Total Retesn
•
•
.
EndIng IM Assets
23,768
25,686
27,781
30045
32.501
35.196
38,118
41.286
44.516
47393
51,050
8.17%
7.94%
%Change From Plot Year
8.07%
8.16%
8.15%
8.18%
829%
8.30%
831%
7.82%
7.33%
684%
Net New Dullness
8.07%
8.16%
saw
am%
8.29%
8.30%
8.31%
7.82%
7.33%
684%
8.17%
7.95%
Total Return
000%
0.00%
000%
000%
0.00%
0.006
000%
0.00%
0.00%
000%
airs
0.00%
Total Return on Net New Bushiest
000%
0.00%
acox
osiost
0.00%
0.006
000%
0.00%
0.00%
000%
aim
0.00%
Net Asset Grenvlb
8.07%
8.16%
815%
8.18%
829%
8.30%
8.31%
7.82%
7.33%
634%
8.17%
7.95%
Average investment Management Assets
24,727
26,734
28913
31,273
33,848
36,657
39,702
42,901
46,148
49,415
Average Fee Basks
0.217%
0.217%
0.217%
0.218%
0.218%
0.219%
0220%
0321%
0.222%
0222%
Management Fc%(000N
19,627
21,340
23,250
25,345
27.741
30,462
33,461
36.6110
40039
43,521
Administration sees (000s)
33,913
36,626
39,556
42.720
46.138
49,229
53,815
57,981
62379
66,371
Tetal Investment Management Fees (000s)
49,2429
53,540
57,965
62,806
65,065
73,878
80,291
87,276
94,661
10;219
109,892
8.17%
8.22%
Berkshire Capital
CONFIDENTIAL
1/23/2016 / PAGE 19 OF 41
EFTA01079062
Protect Vega
Investment Management AUA Growth Rote Assumptions
Dacits tAllen, unless othetwise awed
At Nov.30,
Projected At or For the Year Ending December 31,
5Year
Average/
10Year
Average/
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
2025
CAGR
CAGR
UNSAY AVM
Ileenning Balance - Existing AUM
5.485
5.485
SµS
SASS
5.485
Sµ5
SAR5
5.485
SµS
SASS
Total Rettrn
Ending Balance .. Fading AUM
Sµ5
SASS
SASS
SµS
SA85
5µS5
SµS
5.48.5
5.485
SµS
SARS
BeennIng Balance .. New AUM
439
913
1A25
1977
2.374
3,219
3,915
4,620
6,328
Net New Business
439
474
612
553
597
645
696
706
707
703
Total Reties
•
•
•
•
•
•
Ending Balarce .. New AUM
439
913
1A25
1,977
1574
3219
1915
4.620
5228
6031
Ending Balance .. 'total NSA
SµS
5,924
6.398
6909
7A62
8,069
8204
9µ0
10,106
10,813
11615
8.00%
7.70%
%Change From MIN Year
&OM
8.00%
600%
603%
8.00%
8.07%
800%
7.50%
7.00%
630%
%ol Total PA Assets
23.06%
2106%
23.03%
2300%
2196%
22.90%
22.83%
22.77%
22.70%
22.63%
2236%
Net New Business
&OM
8.00%
&OD%
800%
8.00%
8.00%
800%
7.50%
2.00%
630%
Total Rehm
000%
0.00%
000%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
C00%
0.00%
0.00%
000%
Total Retinas Net New Sassiness III
000%
0.00%
000%
000%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
000%
Net New Assets Growth
8.00%
8.00%
&OD%
800%
8.00%
8.00%
800%
7.50%
2.00%
630%
Average Managed Assets
6,704
&161
6,654
7,1116
7,761
9382
9,052
9,753
10µ9
11,164
Average Fee Basis
0.196%
0.196%
0.19E%
0.196%
0.196%
0.196%
0.196%
0.196%
0.191%
0.196%
Management Fees OXON
11,163
11056
11020
14,062
15,187
16,402
17,714
19,085
20µ7
21,847
%of Total
20.8%
20.8%
20.7%
20.7%
20.6%
20.4%
20.3%
20.2%
20.0%
19.9%
BegrnIng Balance .. Existing AUAdmInistratIon
16,663
16,663
16,663
16,663
16,663
16,663
16,663
16,663
16,663
16,663
Total Rehm
Endirg 8Sance .. Existing AUDArtwastration
16,663
16,663
16,663
16,663
16,663
16,663
16,663
16,663
16,663
16,663
16,663
awning Balance .. Now AUbsinistraton
1,133
2,773
4,328
6,003
7,821
9,779
11,895
14937
16,1116
Not New Business
1,333
1,440
1.855
1,679
1,814
1,959
2,115
2,142
2,169
2,135
Total Return
•
•
•
.
Ending Iltanee - New AUAdminstratian
1,333
1773
4.328
6/007
7.821
9,779
11895
14.037
16,186
18321
Ending Saone.. 'total AUMImInIstratIon
16,663
17.996
19,436
20,991
22,670
24484
26µ3
15.658
30.700
32,849
34.984
8.00%
7.70%
%Change From MIN Year
8.00%
8.00%
&OD%
600%
8.00%
8.1:0%
800%
7.50%
7.1:0%
630%
%ol Total IM Assets
7011%
7606%
69.96%
69.87%
69.75%
6µ.56%
69.37%
69.17%
68.96%
68.76%
6833%
Net New Business
8.00%
8.00%
&OD%
800%
8.00%
&CO%
800%
7.50%
3.00%
630%
Total Mixon
000%
0.00%
000%
COOK
0.00%
0.00%
060%
0.00%
MOD%
000%
Total Rehm on Net New Siamese III
000%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
000%
0.00%
0.00%
000%
Net New Assets Growth
800%
8.00%
&OD%
&CO%
8.00%
&OD%
603%
7.50%
3.00%
630%
Avenge Administered Assets
17,330
18.716
20214
21,331
23,577
25µ3
27,500
29,629
31,774
33,916
Avenge Fee Basis
0.196%
0.196%
0.196%
0.196%
0.196%
0.191%
0.196%
0.196%
0.19E%
0.196%
Administration Fees (000s)
33,913
36.626
39,556
42,720
46,138
49,829
S3)315
67,981
62,179
66,371
% of Total
63.3%
63.2%
630%
62.8%
62.5%
62.1%
61.7%
61.3%
60396
60.6%
Notes:
(II Assumes net new business booked ratably throughout the year.
Berkshire Capital
CONFIDENTIAL
1/23/2016 / PAGE 20 OF 41
EFTA01079063
Project Vega
Investment Management AUA Growth Rote Assumptions
000d I tAftilnA, vatii ol#MYt !Wed
At Nov.30,
Protected At or For the Year Ending December 31,
5Year
Average/
10Year
Average/
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
2025
CAGR
CAGR
SUSADVISORY/ INVITIU7K3NALASSEIS
Regaining Balance - EXIStill€AUM
1,505
1505
1,505
1,505
1.505
1,505
1,505
1505
1,505
1.505
Total Return
Ending Balance .. Ealing AUM
1305
1.505
1505
1305
1505
1505
1.505
1505
1505
1.505
1506
Regaining Balance - New AUM
181
383
610
863
1,148
1,666
1322
2.205
2,613
Net New BuNness
181
202
227
254
284
318
357
383
4011
432
TWA Rotten
•
•
•
•
Ending Balarce .. New AUM
181
383
610
863
1.148
1,466
1,822
2.205
2.613
3.046
Ending Balance .. 'total AUM
1,505
1,686
1388
2,115
2,369
2.663
2,971
3,328
3,710
4,119
4,551
12.00%
11.70%
%Change From Pilot Year
12.00%
12.00%
12.00%
12.00%
12.00%
12.074
1200%
11.50%
11.00%
1030%
%of Taal AUM
633%
6.56%
6.80%
7.04%
7.29%
7.54%
7.79%
806%
8.34%
8.62%
891%
Net New Business
12.00%
12.00%
12.00%
12.00%
12.00%
12.00%
1200%
11.50%
11.00%
1050%
Total Rehm
000%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
Total Rotten on Net New Business III
000%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
000%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
Net New Assets Growth
12.00%
12.00%
12.00%
12.00%
12.00%
12.00%
12.00%
11.50%
MOD%
11150%
Average Manage," Assets
1,596
1,7117
2002
2,242
2,511
2.312
3,149
3,519
3,914
4,335
Average Fee Basis
0.503%
0.500%
0.500%
0300%
0.500%
0.500%
0300%
0.500%
0.500%
0.503%
Management Fees (0000
7,978
8,935
10,008
11,209
12554
14060
15,747
17,595
19,572
21,674
ft of Total
145%
15.4%
153%
163%
17.0%
175%
180%
18.6%
19.1%
19.7%
SUSADVISORY ASSE15 • NIKKO
8066(048 Balance- (Acting AUM
114
114
114
114
114
114
114
114
11A
114
Total Return
Ending 84ance .. EsistInq AUM
114
114
114
114
114
114
11A
114
114
114
114
Ileenning Balance .. Now ALMA
1341
(55)
1661
111AI
(114)
(114)
11141
(114)
(114)
Not New Byline:5
134)
1211
(30)
130)
Total Return
Ending Balance
New AUM
1341
1551
(85)
(1141
11141
(114)
(114)
11141
(114)
(114)
Ending Balance
Total AUM
114
80
59
30
.100.00%
400(00%
%Change From Price Year
2929%
.10000%
NM
NM
NM
NM
NM
NM
%of Taal AUM
043%
0.31%
0.21%
010%
000%
0.00%
0.1:0%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
000%
Net New Business
2929%
.10000%
0.00%
0.00%
000%
0.00%
OM%
000%
Total Rotten
0.00%
0.00%
DLO%
000%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
OM%
MOM
Total Return on Net New Business III
0.00%
0.00%
000%
0.00%
0.00%
0.006
000%
0.00%
0.00%
000%
Net New Assets Growth
.2939%
.26.20%
50.00%
10100%
0.00%
ODD%
000%
0.00%
ODD%
ODOR
Average Managed Assets
97
70
44
15
Average Fee 6314
0300%
0.500%
0.500%
0300%
0.000%
0.000%
0.000%
0.000%
0060%
ODOM
Management Fees (000F1
486
348
222
74
% el Total
OS%
GEM
0.4%
0.1%
0.0%
00%
0.0%
0.0%
GO%
0.0%
Notes:
(II Assumes net new busiest booked ratably througtout the year.
Berkshire Capital
CONFIDENTIAL
1/23/2016 / PAGE 21 OF 41
EFTA01079064
Project Vega
Twit ALSA Growth Rate Assumptions
Darin 0~4amiss
orhembe no: n0
At Nov.30,
Pr.:Weed At or For the Year Ending December 31.
rrear
Average/
10Year
Average/
2015
2015
21/17
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
2025
CAGR
GDR
70141 TRUST ASSETS
Bs:gaining Trust Assets
4,881
5,272
5,69E
6,149
6.641
7,172
7,746
8.366
8,993
9,623
Not New Business
391
412
455
492
531
574
620
627
630
625
Total Retisn
•
•
•
.
Ending Trust Assets
4.3411
5.272
5,69E
6369
6,641
7,172
7,746
8.366
8.993
9,623
10248
800%
7.70%
%Change From Prior Year
803%
8.00%
810%
800%
8.00%
ILCO%
800%
7.50%
1.006
6_50%
Net New Business
8.00%
8.00%
8.01%
800%
8.00%
8.00%
800%
7.50%
1.00%
6_50%
800%
7.70%
Total Rehm
0.00%
0.00%
010%
000%
0.00%
010%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
010%
Total Rehm on Net New Business
0.00%
0.00%
010%
0.03%
0.00%
0.00%
000%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
010%
Net Asset GroMb
8.00%
8.00%
810%
800%
8.00%
8.00%
200%
7.50%
2.00%
650%
8.00%
7.70%
Average Truss Assets
5,077
5.483
5.921
6,395
6,907
7,459
8256
8679
9208
9,935
Average Fee Bases
0306%
0.306%
0.30466
0306%
0306%
0306%
0306%
0.306%
0.30166
0.306%
Management Fees (MON
10,620
11,470
12)B8
13,379
14,449
15,605
16,853
18.158
19,473
20,785
Administration Fees (0000
4,909
5,301
5,725
6,183
6,678
7212
7,789
8392
9200
9.607
Total 'Trust Fees (0001)
14,905
15,529
16.771
18,113
19,562
21327
22217
24,643
26.550
28,472
30,392
7.23%
7.38%
Berkshire Capital
CONFIDENTIAL
1/23/2016 / PAGE 22 OF 41
EFTA01079065
Project Vega
Twit AU6 Growth Rote Ariumptien
&Woes N ra1Was,uo(rts ott.wwise two.,
At Nev. 30,
Preeeeted At or For the Year Ending December 31,
S Year
Avenge/
10 Year
Average 1
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2011
2022
2023
2024
1025
CAGR
CAGR
TRUST AIM
Beereng Balance - Existing AOM
3,338
3,338
3,339
3,338
3,338
3,338
3,338
3238
3338
3,338
Total Behalf
Ending Balance .. bating RUM
3,338
3,338
3.338
3.339
3,338
3.338
3338
3338
3233
3338
3338
Besoreng Balance - New AUM
267
556
867
1103
1.567
1,959
2,383
2.312
3,243
Net Now Business
267
288
312
336
363
392
424
429
431
428
10al Return
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Endlog 8Narce .. New AUNI
267
556
867
1,203
1.567
1,959
2.383
2.912
3.243
3.670
Ending Balance ••lotalA0M
3.338
3,605
3.891
4.205
4,542
4,905
5,298
5,721
6,150
6,581
7009
8.00%
7.70%
%Change Framed« Year
800%
8.40%
820%
8.00%
8.00%
8.0:0,
800%
7.50%
7.40%
630%
%ol Total Trust Assets
61139%
68.39%
68.39%
68.39%
6839%
68.39%
68.391
6839%
68.29%
68.39%
6839%
Net New Dullness
800%
8.00%
8.0D%
803%
8.00%
820%
800%
7.50%
7.00%
630%
Total Rehm
000%
0.00%
0.00%
003%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
000%
Total Rehm on Net New BOSOM III
000%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.40%
0.00%
0.00%
0.40%
000%
Net New Assets Growth
8.0011
8.00%
&CO%
300%
8.00%
8.00%
&OD%
7.50%
7.00%
650%
Average Managed Assets
3,471
3,750
4,050
4,374
4,723
5,101
5509
5,936
6.366
6,795
Avenge Fee BUB
0306%
0.306%
0.301%
0306%
0.306%
13301%
0306%
0.306%
0.306%
0309%
Management hail/CON
10,620
11,470
12,388
13,379
14,449
15,605
16.853
18,158
19,473
20,785
% of Total Tryst Fees
68.4%
68.4%
at%
68,4%
68.0%
684%
68.4%
68.0%
654%
68.4%
TRUST NON.M4.10030.05521S
BeonnIng Balance •• Existing 40Administraton
1,543
1,543
1.5.13
1,543
1543
1.343
1,543
1,543
1.513
1,543
TOtal Return
EndIng Balance .. basting AUAdmastration
1.503
1.543
1,543
1.503
1,503
1,543
1,543
1.543
1,543
1.513
1,543
Beganing Balance - New AUAttnInKtr36on
123
157
401
556
724
906
1,101
1200
1,499
Net Now &Junes:
123
133
144
155
168
181
196
198
199
198
Total Return
•
•
EndIng 13ance .. New 40Adminairaton
123
257
401
556
724
906
1,101
1.300
1,499
1.696
Endsng 88.3483 - 'Total AUMminiticaton
1.513
1.666
1,800
1,984
2/199
1,267
2µ8
1,644
1.943
3,012
3239
8.00%
7.70%
%Change From ela Year
BM%
8.00%
810%
8.03%
8.00%
810%
800%
7.50%
7.00%
650%
%CI( TOtal lrust Assets
3161%
3161%
31.61%
3161%
3161%
31.61%
31.61%
31.61%
31.61%
31.61%
31.61%
Net NewButlnets
SD»
8.00%
&OD%
300%
8.00%
8.00%
800%
7.50%
710%
630%
TOtal Return
000%
0.00%
0.00%
000%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
ODO%
0.00%
TOtal Rot," on Net New BOSOM III
000%
0.00%
0.00%
000%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
Net New Assets Growth
800%
8.00%
&CO%
800%
8.00%
ILCO%
800%
7.50%
710%
&SO%
AVOW* Administered Assets
1,605
1733
1372
2,021
2,133
2.358
2,546
2,743
2,912
3,140
Average Fee Bata
0.305%
0.306%
030E%
0306%
0.306%
0.306%
0305%
0.306%
0.305%
0305%
Admin%ln0ºn F863(0003)
4,909
5.301
5,725
6,183
6.678
7,212
7,789
8,392
9,000
9,607
% e( Total Trust Fees
31.6%
31.6%
316%
31.6%
31.6%
31.6%
31.6%
31.6%
316%
31.6%
MOWS:
(II assumes net new business booked ratably througtout the year.
Berkshire Capital
CONFIDENTIAL
1/23/2016 / PAGE 23 OF 41
EFTA01079066
Project Vega
Net New Easiness & Total Return A%sumption%
Projected Year Ending December 31,
Arithmetic
Avg Taal
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
SECS
2024
2025
Return
NET NEW BUSINESS UNNWAuhl
3
Pessimntk
4.00%
4.00%
4.00%
4.00%
4.00%
4.00%
340%
3.00%
2.50%
4.00%
Underperican
6.00%
6.00%
6.00%
6.00%
6.00%
6.00%
6.00%
LSO%
5.00%
4.50%
Neutral
800%
100%
8.00%
8.00%
800%
100%
8.00%
730%
7.00%
6.50%
Outperform
10.00%
10.00%
10.00%
1000%
10.00%
10.00%
10.00%
930%
9.00%
830%
Opt probe
11.00%
12.00%
12.00%
12.00%
12.00%
12.00%
17-00%
1140%
11.00%
10.50%
Neutral
800%
100%
100%
8.00%
800%
103%
100%
730%
7.00%
6.50%
NET NEW BUSINESS UHNW Nas.Managed Assets
3
Pessimistic
4.00%
4.00%
4.00%
4.00%
4.00%
4.00%
4.00%
330%
3.00%
2.50%
UnderperIcan
6.00%
6.00%
6.00%
6.00%
6.00%
6.00%
6.00%
5.50%
500%
4.50%
Nelill31
8.00%
8.00%
8.00%
8.00%
100%
8.00%
8.00%
730%
7.00%
6.50%
Outperform
1000%
10.00%
10.00%
10.00%
1000%
1000%
10.00%
9.50%
9.00%
&SO%
Opt erotic
12.00%
12.00%
12.00%
11.00%
12.00%
12.00%
12.00%
I L SO%
11.00%
10.50%
Neutral
8.00%
8.00%
8.00%
100%
100%
8.00%
8.00%
7.50%
7.00%
6.50%
NET NEW BUSINESS Truu AUM
3
Pessimnik
4.00%
4.00%
4.0016
4.00%
4.00%
&CO%
4.00%
3.50%
3.00%
2.50%
Underperkem
6.00%
6.00%
6.00%
6.00%
6.00%
6.00%
6.00%
5.50%
5.00%
4.30%
Neutral
8.00%
8.00%
8.00%
8.00%
800%
8.00%
8.00%
7.50%
7.00%
6.30%
Outperform
1000%
10.00%
10.00%
10.00%
10.00%
1000%
10.00%
930%
9.00%
&SO%
Opt imosbc
12.00%
12.00%
12.00%
12.00%
12.00%
12.02%
12.00/6
11.50%
11.00%
10.50%
Neutral
8.00%
8.00%
8.00%
800%
800%
8.03%
8.00%
730%
7.00%
6.50%
NET NEW BUSINESS Trust NomManaged Assets
3
Pessimistic
4.00%
4.00%
4.0016
4.00%
4.00%
4.00%
4.00/6
330%
3.00%
2.50%
Underperican
6.00%
6.00%
6.00%
6.00/6
6.00%
6.00%
6.00%
5.50%
500%
4.30%
Nelill31
8.00%
8.00%
8.00%
8.00%
100%
8.00%
8.00%
7.50%
7.00%
6.30%
Outperform
1000%
10.00%
10.00%
10.0016
10.00%
1000%
10.00%
930%
9.00%
&SO%
Opt imosbc
12.00%
12.00%
12.00%
12.00%
12.00%
12.00%
12.00/6
11.50%
11.00%
10.50%
Neutral
8.00%
8.00%
8.00%
8.00%
800%
103%
8.00%
7.50%
7.00%
6.50%
Berkshire Capital
CONFIDENTIAL
1/23/2016 / PAGE 24 OF 41
EFTA01079067
Project Vega
Net New &Nines> & Total Return Afsumption>
Projected Year Ending December 31,
Arithmetic
Avg Total
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
2025
Return
NET NEW BUSINESS Subadvtioryi in2autional Assets
3
Pessimistic
800%
8.00%
8.00%
&Of%
8.00%
800)6
7.50%
7.00%
6.50%
800%
Underperkem
10.00%
10.00%
10.00%
10.0016
10.00%
10.00%
10.00%
9.50%
800%
8.50%
Neutral
12.00%
12.00%
12.00%
12.00%
12.00%
12.00%
12.00%
11.50%
11.00%
10.50%
Outperform
14.00%
14.00%
14.00%
14.0016
14.00%
14.00%
14.00%
1150%
1100%
12.50%
Ootirmsbc
16.00%
16.02%
16.00%
16.00%
16.00%
16.00%
16.00%
15.50%
15.00%
14.50%
Neutral
12.00%
12.00%
12.00%
12.00%
12.00%
12.00%
12.00%
11.50%
11.00%
10.50%
CUMULATIVE NEW BUSINESS - Nikko Run.Off Ill
3
Pessimistic
44.35%
400.006
100.00%
-100.00)6
-100.00%
-100.02%
-100.00%
100.00%
-
Underperkem
-34.89%
-74.13%
-100.02%
-100.00)6
-100.00%
-100.02%
-102.00%
100.00%
-
Neutral
-29.89%
41.26%
-7&13%
-100.00)6
-100.00%
-100.00%
-100.00%
100.00%
-
Culp:glum
-24.89%
-40.19%
69.00%
-100.00%
-100.00%
-100.00%
-100.00%
100.00%
-
Optimistic
49.89%
-32.11%
-S&73%
-7&36%
-100.00%
•100.00%
-100.00%
100.00%
Neutral
-29.89%
48.26%
-74.13%
-100.00%
-100.00%
100.00%
-1CO.00)6
-100.00%
NET NEW BUSINESS Partnership Assets
3
Pessimistic
4.00%
4.00%
4.00/6
4.00%
4.00%
&CO%
4.00)6
3.50%
3.00%
2.50%
Underpericem
6.00%
6.00%
6.00%
6.00)6
6.00%
6.00%
6.00%
SSC%
5.00%
4.50%
Neutral
1.00%
B.00%
8.00%
800%
100%
&CO%
&CO%
7.50%
7.00%
6.50%
Outperform
10.00%
10.00%
10.00%
10.00%
10.00%
10.00%
10.00%
9.50%
9.00%
&SO%
Optimistic
12.00%
12.00%
12.00%
12.00%
12.00%
12.00%
1100)6
11.50%
11.00%
10.50%
Neutral
1.00%
800%
8.00%
800%
800%
8.00%
8.0))6
7.50%
7.00%
6.50%
Note:
(1) Management prodded run- off schedule for the Nikko account acquired at year end 2012
neutral scenario reflects management's projected cumulative run- off of the Nikko assns.
Berkshire Capital
CONFIDENTIAL
1/23/2016 /
PAGE 25 OF 41
EFTA01079068
Project Vega
Net New °wines> .4 Total Return A%sumption%
Projected Year Ending December 31,
Arithmetic
Avg Total
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
2025
Return
TOTAL RETURN UMW Assets
1
Pessimistic
4.00%
4.00%
-4.00%
-4.02%
4.00%
400%
-4.00%
Underperkan
.2.00%
.2.00%
-2.00%
4.00%
-200%
4.00%
4.00%
-2.00%
Neutral
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
000%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
000%
0.00%
0.00%
040%
Outperform
2.00%
2.00%
240%
2.00%
2.00%
2.00%
2.00%
200%
2.00%
2.00%
240%
°Menne
4.00%
4.00%
4.00%
4.00%
4.00%
4.00%
4.00%
400%
4.00%
4.00%
4.00%
Neutral
0.00%
0.00%
040%
000%
0.00%
0.00%
040/6
000%
040%
0.00%
040%
TOTAL RETURN Truu Assets
1
Pessimistic
4.00%
4.00%
440%
4.00%
4.00%
4.00%
4.00%
4.00%
4.00%
4.00%
Underperkan
-2.00%
.2.00%
-2.00%
4.00%
-2.00%
Neutral
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
000%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
000%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
Outperform
2.00%
2.00%
2.00%
2.00%
2.00%
2.00%
2.00%
2.00%
2.00%
2.00%
Z00%
Opterotic
4.00%
4.00%
440%
4.00%
4.00%
4.00%
4.00%
4.00%
4.00%
440%
4.00%
Neutral
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
000%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
000%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
TOTAL RETURN Subachnsory/ instatuteinal Assets
1
Pessimistic
4.00%
4.00%
4.03%
-4.02%
4.00%
400%
4.00E
Underperkem
-2.00%
.2.00%
.2.00%
4.00%
-200%
-2.00%
Neutral
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
000%
0.00E
0.00%
0.00%
Outperform
2.00%
2.00%
2.00%
2.00%
2.00%
2.00%
2.00%
200%
2.00E
2.00%
2.00%
Optimistic
4.00%
4.00%
4.00%
4.00%
4.00%
4.00%
400%
4.00%
4.00%
4.00%
4.00%
Neutral
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
000%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
000%
0.00%
0.00%
040%
TOTAL RETURN Partnership Assets
I
Pessimistic
4.00%
4.00%
-4.02%
4.00%
.4.00%
4.00%
Underperkan
-2.00%
.2.00%
-2.03%
4.00%
-2.00%
Neutral
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
000%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
Outperform
2.00%
2.00%
240%
2.00%
2.00%
2.00%
2.00%
2.00%
2.00%
2.00%
2.00%
Optimatic
4.00%
4.00%
4.00%
4.00%
4.00%
4.00%
4.00%
4.00%
4.00%
4.00%
4.00%
Neutral
0.00%
0.00%
0.02%
000%
0.00%
0.00%
0.1:016
000%
0.00%
0.00%
0,0016
Berkshire Capital
CONFIDENTIAL
1/23/2016 /
PAGE 26 OF 41
EFTA01079069
Project Vega
Exhibits
• Exhibit A: Market Statistics & Financial Data for Guideline U.S. Publicly Traded Investment Management Firms
• Exhibit B: Selected Acquisitions of Investment Management Firms
• Exhibit C: Estimated Cost of Equity Capital for Guideline U.S. Publicly Traded Investment Management Firms
• Exhibit D: Estimated Cost of Equity Capital Calculator for RFS
• Exhibit E: Premiums Paid in Acquisitions of Selected U.S. Publicly Traded Investment Management Firms
• Exhibit F: Estimated Discount for Lack of Marketability Based on Simulation Analysis
Berkshire Capital
CONFIDENTIAL
1/23/2016 / PAGE 27 OF 41
EFTA01079070
Exhibit A: Market Statistics & Financial Data
GuideMe U.S. Publicly Traded Investment Management Nam
0abv2 tql20‘0.2%34 twtp whve no:ni wait, Quo tomo.in
Firm
Stock Pace. Market Value & AUM
ValuatiOnParann:
Prke
12/31/15
52 Week
Low
YID
P00%
Charge
%ticket
Value (a)
PUPA
(SMM)
Markel/
AUM
Market/
Market/
Revs (0) Pre•Ta (t)
PIE Rath:.
2015
2015 it
FY Est (a) prwTax IN
0)
tv / terra* multnies le)
LTM
Forward
4Q Est (0
2016
2016FY
FYEU (e) Pro-Ta lfl
LTM
2015
FY Eel (e)
2016
FT Est (e)
High
Eaton Vance Corp. I0
32.43
44.18
31_02
.20.816
3,760,226
311.354
1.21%
2.71x
8.4%
14.1x
13.8x
8.71
1324
12.5x
7.9%
8.3x
8.4x
7.6x
Artisan Partners Asset Management Ye. (ml
36.06
49.89
33.24
38.6%
2.650,410
96.968
2.73%
3.23x
8.4x
12.9x
13.3%
814
1354
13.5x
8.9%
tax
9.2%
9.0%
Wa6:3418.Fteed Financial. Ine.(n)
28.66
51.80
27.07
.42.5%
2392,222
106,192
2.25%
1.56x
5.6x
Elx
9.7x
62x
924
9.9%
6.3x
6.4x
6.7x
74x
Janus Capital Group MC. (WI
14.09
18.98
13.12
.12.6%
2626,376
115,000
1.42%
2.56x
9.3x
15.2x
153x
9.8x
1424
13.6x
8.6x
9.5€
8.6x
7.9x
Cohen & SteamInc. (P)
30.48
46.39
2:5.42
•27.6%
2396398
49,744
2.81%
4.34x
11.4x
18.8x
17.8x
1130
162,
16.Ox
10.1x
11.04
10.3x
10.0%
Venus Investment Partners. Inc. le)
11746
165.95
94.52
.31.1%
2030,712
47.938
2.15%
3.19x
7.3x
12.2x
153x
10.14
15.1x
14.1x
8.9%
6.9x
9.5x
9.0%
Boston Private Financial Holdings. Inc (c)
11.34
1332
1035
•152%
945,407
27,406
3.45%
2.74x
9.1x
17.4x
150x
11.14
14.7x
14.3x
11.04
NA
NA
NA
GAMCO Investors, Inc (al
31.04
48.13
23.32
45.1%
783,481
39375
1.98%
1.904
5.1x
8.2x
930
5.9x
10.7x
10.7x
E8x
2.94
3.04
3.0%
0 I amos Asset manner:lent, Ix. In
958
13.70
8.77
•273%
757,517
22451
3.37%
3.27x
17.2x
24.2x
38.7x
14.14
2054
20.04
12.7x
21.34
20.6x
15.4x
Diamond H0 Investment Group Cu)
189.00
231.85
12335
363%
638669
15)914
4.01%
4.46x
10.7x
16.6x
NM
NM
NM
NM
NM
9.6x
NA
NA
Plena kwestmewl Manasement, Inc. Iv)
8.60
12.25
716
585311
2:5.300
2.29%
4.95x
10.04
16.6x
173x
11.14
165),
17.6x
11.1%
9.6x
9.9%
9.9%
Westwood HolOrgs Group, W. lw)
52.09
64.09
48.30
15.7%
418461
24375
2.05%
3.28x
9.2x
14.2x
NM
NM
NM
NM
NM
9.04
NA
HA
Sikieruest Asset Management Group Inc (x)
11.89
16.14
10.19
.24.016
162.370
17,621
0.92%
2.21%
8.1x
14.7x
143x
92x
16.64
17.4x
11.04
8.7x
8.7x
8.6x
MAXIMUM
36.9%
3,760,226
312354
4.01%
495x
17.2x
24.2x
38.7x
14.50
2054
2Ct0x
12.7x
21.3:4
20.6x
15.4x
7 ST H PERCENTILE
15.7%
2392,222
96.962
2.81%
3.28%
10.04
16.6x
16.9x
11.14
16.4x
lam
11.04
9.6x
9.8x
9.7x
60TH PERCENTILE
•192%
1,103,949
48399
2.38%
3.24x
9.2x
15.5x
15.5x
10.14
15.1%
14.3x
10.1%
t9%
9.3x
9.0%
MEDIAN
.24.0%
948407
39375
2.25%
3.19%
9.1x
14.7x
15.0x
924
14.7%
14.1x
8.9x
tax
8.9%
8.8%
40TH PERCENTILE
37,4%
778.200
27)325
2.13%
2.73x
8.4x
14.2x
14.5x
914
1424
13.6x
8.9%
8.6x
8.6x
8.3x
25TH PERCENTILE
38.816
638369
22,454
1.96%
2.56x
8.1x
12.8x
133x
8.7x
138€
13.04
8.2x
8.04
8.4x
7.6x
MINIMUM
.65.1%
167370
15,914
0.92%
1.56x
5.1x
8.2x
9.30
5.9x
934
9.9%
6.3x
1.9%
3.04
3.0%
38%
32%
33%
28%
48%
21%
INTER•QUARTILE RATIO
37%
23%
22%
26%
22%
26%
Propti Yip
10,443
Peownict Rank
PAN
FOCtnOteS appear neat the end of ihe exhibit_
Berkshire Capital
CONFIDENTIAL
1/23/2016 / PAGE 28 OF 41
EFTA01079071
Exhibit k
Market Statistics Er Financial Data
Guideline U.S. PubNcty Traded Inn-Unwept Management Firms
Valuation Parameters
E per,.
Capeal Ratios
AUM Comoomson (%)
Firm
2016
Est,mated
Revenue
Markel /
2016 Est.
Revenue
ROM
Ment
Fees/
AUM
% ol Revenues lei
LTM
Effective
Tax Rate
Entank/
Common
Easily
LI DeM /
Total
Equity
Equity
Feted
income
Money
Market
Other
Mgmt
Fees
Comp
Arnort
03ITEM
enesax
Income
Eaton Vance Corp. II)
1,342,882
2.80v
MI%
0.38%
863%
34.9%
0.7%
35.4%
31.716
37.7%
47.1%
156.1%
28936
16.8%
OA%
54.3%
Artisan Partners Asset Management K. Iml
7'96,250
3344
192.8%
0.85%
100.0%
507%
0.0%
41.9%
38.5%
17.4%
0.0%
169.1%
10/0%
0.0%
00%
0.0%
WadOed 8, Reed !Merck* Inc. (n)
1,450,133
1.654
322%
0.69%
47.6%
13.0%
0.0%
29.6%
27.8%
38.4%
18.9%
22.7%
793%
18.7%
10%
0.0%
Janus CaNtaIGCOUP mc. to)
1,160,771
2264
9.9%
OAS%
87.2%
41.3%
NA.
33.5%
27.6%
36.7%
117.7%
NA
74.9%
22,5%
0.7%
1.9%
Cohen 8, Steen, Inc. IP)
333,917
A.184
310%
0.64%
99.6%
33.1%
00%
38.8%
MA%
39.7%
8.0%
0.0%
24.3%
0.0%
0.0%
75.7%
Venus Investment PillfieS.I.IC. ig)
274,611
3.754
7.8%
0.74%
1092%
42.4%
NA
45.6%
43.5%
50.0%
9.0%
1.7%
67.5%
32.5%
00%
7.7%
Boston Petalerinannal Helaine,. Inc.(r)
371,415
235x
8.4%
0.30%
23.5%
46.3%
1.9%
34.9%
28505
33.7%
25.2%
76.7%
77.0%
16.0%
00%
7.0%
GAMCO Investors, Inc (si
NA
NA
16.6%
0.90%
86.7%
43.0%
NA
39.6%
37.5%
38.3%
0.9%
NA
95.7%
4.3%
4.1%
0.0%
Gahm°, Asset manaennenc Inc. It)
213,359
3.554
71%
0.85%
81.9%
39.3%
0.0%
15.2%
190%
6.9%
2.0%
12.2%
445%
10.0%
00%
45.5%
Diamond Hel Investment Group Cu)
NA
NA
43.1%
0.66%
73.0%
31.0%
0.0%
46.1%
41.7%
36.8%
0.0%
00%
981%
1.9%
0.0%
0.0%
Plena woodmen.: Manmernent, mc. [VI
122,843
4.764
65.7%
0.46%
99.5%
39.1%
0.0%
49.6%
49.3%
6.0%
0.0%
00%
100.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
Westwood Holdtegs Group, be. IM
NA
NA
24.6%
0.63%
100.1%
48.0%
02%
36.4%
350%
34.1%
39.2%
0.0%
95.1%
5.0%
0.0%
0.0%
Sintercrest Asset Management Group Inc (x)
79,283
2.054
21.1%
0.40%
95.1%
57.9%
2.0%
29.7%
25.3%
37.8%
68.1%
NA
100.0%
0.0%
00%
0.0%
MAXIMUM
1,450,133
4.764
192.8%
0.90%
109.8%
57.9%
20%
49.6%
49.3%
50.0%
117.7%
169.1%
103.0%
32,5%
4.1%
75.7%
75TH PERCENTILE
1,069,141
3.704
391%
0.74%
99.8%
46.3%
02%
41.9%
38.5%
3113%
39.2%
63.2%
931%
16.8%
0.0%
7.7%
60TH PERCENTILE
540,549
3424
312%
0.66%
960%
42,5%
03%
38.9%
37.6%
37.7%
20,2%
16.4%
952%
11.2%
0.0%
2.9%
MEDIAN
352,666
3)374
24.6%
0.64%
87.2%
41.3%
00%
36.4%
35.0%
36.8%
9.0%
69%
793%
5.0%
00%
0.0%
40TH PERCENTILE
310,195
2.704
202%
0.60%
862%
39.3%
00%
35.3%
31.1%
36.1%
6.8%
1.0%
766%
3.8%
00%
0.0%
25TH PERCENTILE
228,672
2.334
92%
0.46%
829%
34.9%
OA%
33.5%
272%
33.7%
0.9%
0.0%
675%
0.0%
OA%
0.0%
MINIMUM
79,283
1.65x
7.3%
0.30%
235%
13.0%
OA%
15.2%
19.0%
6.0%
0.0%
0.0%
243%
0.0%
OA%
0.0%
32%
25%
INTER•QUARTILE RATIO
43%
30%
Prolect Yip
90,819
53%
582%
49.9%
9.2%
8.4%
Peomble Rank
3%
MIN
12%
89%
MIN
MIN
~MI Visa . Sth Year
51.6%
13.1%
~erne* Rank
93%
MIN
Feanes appear near the end of Ø exhIbli-
Berkshire Capital
CONFIDENTIAL
1/23/2016 / PAGE 29 OF 41
EFTA01079072
Exhibit A: Market Statistics & Financial Data
Guidane U.S. Publicly Traded Investment Aloirogement Finns
Oodaw rn Mewondi, now: why., natal mdg, sort annum
HISttelcal Gee n:l• Rat,:
voiat n
m
Sates
Performance Ratios
Firm
3•Yr Growth Rates
Operating
leverage
S-Yr Rev
Volatifrty
Estimated
1•Yr Revenue
Growth
Latest
SY
I.TM
EPS Estimates
% Ch II
EsIlmatcct
S Yr fps
Groash (el
AVM /
Eno
Ren/
Ernpl
Pre Tax /
Empl
AUM
Revenues
Pro•TM
Income
O4uted
EPS
Current
FY (el
Forward
FY le)
Forward
4Q (e)
Eaton Vance Corp. 10
165%
6.2%
112%
6.7%
1.824
9.3%
S.Y%
129
219
2.36
260
135
10.4%
7.6%
293.453
1.308
415
Artisan Partners Asset Management Inc. Iml
236%
23.5%
29.9%
NM
127x
8.5%
3.1%
3.17
222
2.71
2.67
2.61
150%
281.067
2.375
914
Wadded 6 Reed FinanCLU. Inc. 00
14.1%
12.9%
21.3%
23.1%
1.654
4.7%
.5.6%
3.77
3.15
2.94
229
2.90
1.9%
2.6%
64.437
932
259
Janus CapitalGroup mt. MI
18%
0.3%
3.4%
1.3%
NM
11.2%
13.1%
0.81
0.93
0.91
10$
0.99
14.3%
183%
153.019
849
235
Cohen 8, Meer% Inc. IP)
2896
9.8%
12-0%
10.2%
1.224
15.8%
32%
1.65
1.62
1.71
191
1.87
11.6%
11.2%
189.141
1.223
465
Venus Investment Partners, Inc. Id)
17.9%
30.8%
118.996
3.864
10.0%
.14.9%
10.87
9.63
7.37
334
7.76
13.2%
04%
116,921
737
343
Boston Private Financial Holdings. Inc. 0)
16.1%
2.4%
490%
18.0%
NM
1.1%
7.6%
0.72
0.65
0.76
0.79
0.77
4.6%
NA
30.519
384
109
GAMCO Investors, Inc DI
11.7%
11.4%
14.0%
16.2%
1.234
7.7%
NA
4.28
339
3.33
2.69
2.90
•132%
150%
184.930
1.925
722
Calamos Asset Management, NE. (0
.101%
40.2%
.22.9%
3.1%
.2.244
11.9%
4.036
0.58
040
0.25
0.48
0.47
93.2%
100%
61657
639
121
Diamond HP Investment Group (u)
212%
19.7%
29.9%
25.8%
1314
9.8%
NA
9.11
11_36
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
146.729
1.337
558
Plena Swaim:Al Management, hx. (v)
27.1%
10.0%
12.6%
12.7%
1274
12.3%
4.0%
0.51
OM
0.48
0.49
0.52
2.1%
la
314615
1,458
719
Westwood Holciegs Group, M. lw)
15.5%
18.0%
21296
18.1%
1.184
5.9%
ILA
3.51
3.66
NA
NA
NA
NA
la
156,731
962
344
SiNercrest Asset Management Group Inc- (4)
21.0%
17.8%
4.0%
NA
0.234
2.5%
7.7%
0.86
021
0.82
0.69
0.72
.16.5%
Pa
181.660
759
192
MAXIMUM
27.1%
30.8%
118.9%
25.8%
3264
15.8%
13.1%
93.2%
184%
314615
2.375
914
75TH PERCENTILE
21.0%
18.0%
292%
18.0%
1.584
11.2%
6.7%
12.4%
150%
189.141
1.337
558
60TH PERCENTILE
162%
13.9%
21.396
16.2%
1.274
9.8%
39%
10.4%
120%
181314
1.240
425
MEDIAN
16.1%
11.4%
14.0%
12.7%
1.274
9.3%
0.4%
4.6%
10.6%
356731
962
344
40TH PERCENTILE
15.3%
9.9%
123%
10.2%
1.234
8.3%
3.1%
2.1%
9.5%
152.161
916
326
25TH PERCENTILE
11.2%
6.2%
11.296
4.0%
1.204
5.9%
.5.0%
64%
116321
737
235
MINIMUM
.10S%
40.2%
.2.244
1.1%
.14.9%
.16.5%
04%
30.519
384
109
Proyen Vega
OD%
6.9%
NM
6.9%
60%
373%
Penni. Rank
5%
27%
MAX
30%
73%
Ma
Footnote appear near the end of the exhibit_
Berkshire Capital
CONFIDENTIAL
1/23/2016 / PAGE 30 OF 41
EFTA01079073
Exhibit A: Market Statistics & Financial Data
GuideMe U.S. Publicly Traded Investment Management Films
Oonns rn IMtsoM4 now:
e noIA1 o140.1 sfroft °mouth
Inc4te Statnoenl Data
BaUt, Sheet Data
AUM Comoosnion I5MM)
Firm
Total
Revs lb)
Amon
Pre.Tu
Income
Net
Income
Total
Assets
Intangibles
LT DeM W
Common
Equity
Equity
fixed
Income
Money
Market
Other
Total
Eaton Vance Corp. 10
1.387.593
9,693
440317
271.149
2.116.471
293,394
573.811
620,231
93,013
52.373
168.968
311,354
Artisan Partners Asset Mw€ementic. (ml
819,500
315,303
206,600
1,010929
200,000
122,451
96968
96,96S
Wa00ell& Reed Financial. Inc.(n)
1,536,753
427,613
263,505
1,442,729
154118
190,000
836,937
84,233
19,867
2.092
106,192
Janus capanGC0411306. M
1,026.600
NA
283,720
173,827
2,857,700
1917900
297,100
1,568900
138,600
41900
1900
3.500
185,000
Cohen 6 Stew; Inc. IP)
321,558
89
122,279
74,370
296023
19,798
245,942
12,089
.
37,655
49,744
Venus InvestrneM MIOCIS. Inc. lq)
322,658
NA
140479
87,675
826.763
43,321
539,626
32,357
15,581
3,622
47,938
Boston Mate Financial Holdings, Inc (r)
345938
4 436
97,929
54,290
7.180.528
186,684
568262
689960
21,103
4,385
1918
27,406
GAMCO Investors, Inc (II
411,898
NA
154,454
96,122
872.669
5,358
106,750
562.645
37,893
1,682
1,637
39,575
CO2MOSAS601 Manamenent, bx. II)
231,796
43,981
31,619
545,980
7,351
45,955
194,505
10,003
2,236
10,215
22,454
Diamond HD Investment Group lull
143,054
59,688
37,771
145,624
•
308,045
15,615
299
15,914
Flea 0601401001 Manaement, Inc. Ib)
114130
54222
35,268
117,750
•
14484
25,500
•
25500
Westwood HOS:Yip GrOUPA1C. be0
127,635
LIMO
44674
29,746
166,217
50957
130,137
19,380
1,020
20,375
Siktercrest Asset Manamenent Group Inc 0)
73,636
1,477
18947
11,188
101946
40,519
45560
17,621
17621
MAXIMUM
1,536,753
440,317
7,180,528
1,564603
75TH PERCENTILE
819,500
283,720
1,442,789
620231
60TH PERCENTILE
358,410
143,274
930,301
544230
MEDIAN
322,658
322,279
826,763
245912
40TH PERCENTILE
303,606
94281
495,989
181,631
2 ST H PERCENTILE
143,054
58,222
166,217
122.451
MINIMUM
73,636
13647
101,946
14484
06111M Yap
85,700
7,159
103,894
80,740
Peecenele Rank
2%
MIN
13%
6064110101 appear near the end of the exhibit
Berkshire Capital
CONFIDENTIAL
1/23/2016 / PAGE 31 OF 41
EFTA01079074
Exhibit A: Market Statistics & Financial Data
Guideline O.S. Publidy Traded Investment Monogement Firms
OuDrrs ehiseeresoi thxagre44 reeepl move. nOted eN PSI Shn C•itesqg
Firm
EEITCIA
Other Data
LTA
2015 FY
Est
WM FY
Est
Fiscal
Yr End
LTM
as of
Investment
AeNnory
hes
Recent
Quarter
Dividend
In:Skated
Dendend
`field
Shares
Outstanding
owrentap
smpioyeas
Insides
instexaceal
Eaton Vance Corp. 10
491,072
486,333
539,000
DeloIxf 31
October 31
2,196466
017
327%
115.949
42%
75.1%
1.061
Artisan Partners Asset 1112013€011111M linC.Iml
343100
329,667
336,500
December 31
September 93
819,477
0.60
6.66%
73,500
NA
NA
345
Wadden & Reed !Mamba. Inc. 00
454,945
434,500
389,667
December 31
September 30
731,2605
0,46
6.42%
83,169
3.6%
87.9%
1.648
Janus Capital Group MC M
344,020
342000
371,200
December 31
September30
436103
0.09
2.56%
186.400
NA
NA
1109
Cohen IL Steen, Inc. IP)
124,730
132,600
137,600
December 31
September30
320,119
0.24
3.28%
45430
563%
410%
263
Venus Investment Parties. Inc. Ig)
147,187
108033
113000
December 31
September30
354449
OAS
153%
8,775
NA
NA
410
Boston Private Financial Holdings. Inc. (ril
120433
NA
NA
December31
September 30
81107
0.09
3.17%
83,369
NA
92.3%
898
GAMCO Investors, Inc DI
163,053
159,000
157,013
December31
Septanber 30
357015
0.07
0.90%
25,241
149%
66.7%
214
Glamor KIRI Manamenent,Me. It)
35138
36,600
48400
December31
September30
129,94
0.15
6.20%
78,262
21.1%
62.2%
363
Diamond lid Investment Group Re)
6590
NA
NA
December31
September30
101,405
NA
NA
3,379
11.6%
57.3%
107
FICA.1 'madman Manamment, ax. lid
58488
57,000
67,000
December31
September30
117,495
003
1.40%
68.036
204%
541%
81
Westwood HOItIftp Gray. MC. I0
46.475
NA
NA
December31
September30
127,773
047
4.38%
8,037
109%
63.1%
130
SiNererest Asset Management Group Inc (x)
21)348
21,950
22,250
December31
September30
701331
0.12
404%
13,656
24.0%
MB%
97
MAXIMUM
666%
56.5%
92.3%
35TH PERCENTILE
441%
21.1%
73.4%
60TH PERCENTILE
3.73%
20.1%
67.2%
MEDIAN
327%
18.9%
64.9%
40TH PERCENTILE
321%
13.1%
62.7%
25TH PERCENTILE
230%
10.9%
59.8%
MINIMUM
090%
3.6%
410%
F0OMOtet appear on the following page.
Berkshire Capital
CONFIDENTIAL
1/23/2016 / PAGE 32 OF 41
EFTA01079075
Exhibit A Market Statistics 8 Financial Data
Guideline U.S. PubNdy Forded Inyeatment Management Firms
Notes:
(a)
Includes pubidy traded Investment management firms with market values In excess of Site (region.
(b)
Revenues include net interest income_
(d)
The (Wowing companies have foal years Witch do not end on December 31: Franklin Resources, Eaton Vance, Lea Mason, and Value Line. Please see the
(c)
Ratio based on pretax income Wore amortization of intangibles and goodwill, net of minority Interest.
Previous Page for theammonite year end.
(I)
Multiples on current and forward f deal year pretax Mane are based *lemmata. from Thomson First cal and median LIM effective tax rate for the industry sector.
(g)
Enterprise value adjusted for excess working capital. Assumesrequired worksng capital is equal to LT1A expanses multiple, by the medan workang caplet as a percent of LIM expenses.
Investments In mutual funds are excluded from working capita/.
(el
Source: Thornton First Call.
04
Based almost recent fiscal yearend. Revenue volatility is thestandard deviation of annual changes In soul revenues. Revenues include net Merest axone.
(IQ
Weighted average Muted shares outstanding, as of most recent quarter.
(11
Represents change from current fiscal year estimate toforward fiscal year estimate.
a
Includes longterm debt and emitted* debt-
(lj
Income adjusted to elminate aerating incomeof consolidated closed end funds, closed end fund structuring tees, nal convening interest ate adivstments, loss on extinguishment of debt and senlement of state tax audit.
(m) Pre.tax Income. net +gem* and FPS are as:lusted for extinguishment of debt, net income attributable to nmoccntrolling interests.offerne related componatimi, pin and net losses on tax receivable agreements and gain
on value of contmeem rips
(n)
Reflects adjustments tor the launch of the ivy mgh Income Omorturigy Fund.
(o)
Income adjusted to add back decrees associated with the early retirement of debt and net charge on mark to market.
(p)
Regent*, pre-tax income, net income and FPSreflect nal GAWP metrics as reported In public flings.
(q)
Cash net income. cash EPS and cash pretax income reflect add-back of email:may cost of restnxturing ard severance, consolidated sponsored Weastment product expenses, steel based comp/meta:nand
Newflett transition related expenses.
(el
Income adjusted for ciscontinued operations and allocation to Danielson% securities.
(sl
Income adjusted to reflect the elimination of min operating items, WeludIng shareholder designated charitable contributkons and extinguishment of debt.
(t)
Net Moore, FPS and diluted shares outstanding assume moonlit./ Interests in Catamos Holdings 11Cconvened Into Class A shares_ Ululation of shares outstandog
conforms to CMS's computation armada capitalization. Effectwe tax rate calculated including valuation allowance. NM Income isadjusted for deferred tax amortization
on intangible assets, rninonly interest partnership investments and deferred tax valuationallowance.
(u)
Pre-tax, net income and EPS represent net operating Mane before Investment natums, loss applicable taxes.
(V)
Income adjusted to reflect pro forma results as reported In mac kings
(col
Reflects adjustments for Intarsgedeamortizatian and deferred taxes on goodwill.
(x)
Income, FPS and (BUDA adjusted to reflect pro foam results asreported In pubk ling
Sources: MI Finanoal. Bloanbers Thomsen First Call, company filings.
Berkshire Capital
CONFIDENTIAL
1/23/2016 / PAGE 33 OF 41
EFTA01079076
Exhibit A: Market Statistics & Financial Data
U.S. Publicly Traded Investment Management Firms
Firm
Valuation Parameters
Market /
Market /
Market /
AUM
Revs
Pre-Tax
PIE Ratios
Enterprise
Current FY
Current FY
Forward FY
Forward FY
Value /
LTM
Estimate
Pre-Tax
Estimate
Pre-Tax
EBITDA
Multiples for Publicly Traded Investment Management Companies,
After Applicable Premiums & Discounts: -20.6% Adjustment Factor
MAXIMUM
3.19%
333x
13.7x
19.2x
30.7x
19.4x
15.9x
10.1x
16.4x
75TH PERCENTILE
2.23%
2.60x
8.Cbc
13.2x
13.4x
9.0x
13.2x
8.7x
7.8x
60TH PERCENTILE
1.89%
2.57x
7.3x
12.3x
12.3x
8.0x
11.4x
8.0x
7.0x
MEDIAN
1.79%
2.54x
7.2x
11.7x
11.9x
7.8x
11.2x
7.1x
7.1x
40TH PERCENTILE
1.69%
2.17x
6.7x
11.3x
11.5x
7.3x
10.8x
7.1x
6.9x
25TH PERCENTILE
1.57%
2.03x
6.4x
10.2x
10.8x
6.9x
10.3x
6.5x
6.7x
MINIMUM
0.73%
1.24x
0.0x
6.5x
7.4x
4.7x
7.9x
5.0x
2.4x
Adjustment Factor.
Small Firm Discount
-17.0%
Discount for Lack of Marketability
-4.3%
-20.6%
Berkshire Capital
CONFIDENTIAL
1/23/2016 / PAGE 34 OF 41
EFTA01079077
Exhibit
Selected Acquisitions of Investment Management Firms
Tronsoctions Involving Wealth Management and Investment Advisory Finns (Excludes Alf Minority Stake Transactions)
Date
Announced
Seller (entity Sold)
Mayer
Monate
Value
15MM)
Ault4 PAM/
Aggregate Value /
Pre-Tax
Morels
Avg. Foe
Basis
Revs
Pre-Tax
AVM
11/30/2015
Courier Capital Corporation
Financial iculitutions. Inc
114
982
3.424
834
12074
41.2µ
0.35%
6/17/2015
Constaatbn Wealth Adelson, LLC
first Republic ant
4,294
4/28/2015
Ozark Trust b investment Conadation
Simmons First National Corporation
201
1.100
3.524
1.2E%
NA
053%
A/21/2015
Wala Fargo & Coronary IWealth Enhancement Group LLCI
LSONIC Capnal LLC
0.0
4,700
122%
NA
NA
2/11/2015
Samson Capital AdAson /LC
flora Carnal Corporation
7,600
1/15/2015
Woodwey 64-m-stal Achisors Inc.
Westwood Holing, Group. Inc
450
1,600
4.294
904
212%
473%
066%
7/16/2014
Banyan Partners. Lit
Aston Private nnenoal sidrings. Inc
811
3,729
3.254
11.64
2.18%
28.0%
067%
6/30/2014
Geneva Capital Management La
Henderson Group Plc
179.1
6,300
6.021C
11.6x
224%
51.7%
047%
6/4/2024
Lea Mown, Inc. Rea Mason Investmer4 CounselA Trust Co.,M)
WM FinancialCoro.
Ufa
4/16/2014
Creshiew Adelson /LC (launder Capital Management)
VictoryCapital Holdinp
1440
1/7/2014
Cluttwell investment Partners
TriStale capital fulaIxtx
56.3
7,503
2.25x
9.4x
0.75%
24.0%
0.33%
9/3/13
Bel Bar imestment Advoon LLC
tree Capital Corporation
119
5.960
200%
NA
NA
9/3/13
Eruncul Adam S Monument Eneneer04 USA- Inc eMIkron (Made& Co Inc)
Cure Capital Corporation
31
2,046
150%
NA
NA
7/15/13
Cursor, Oarl& Umn Financial Group
Aston NII rinanom M.
16
1.167
1.69%
NA
NA
4/11/13
Invest', Ud. 'Alban Trust Growl
Groben Impute! Bank of Commerce
210
20,300
103%
NA
NA
3/27/13
Genworth Fs-uncut Inc Kenworth Financial Wealth Management ard Alter el
Aquiline Copal Partner% Genstar Capital
413
2U49
1.064
694
1.85%
15.4%
3.75%
2/21/13
Pat-Corp (Vatcce Capital lAdmt_ I waryCepa AchlSor0
Creststow Partners,.
246
22,000
2.204
7.14
1.12%
28.6%
0.51%
2/13/13
Argo Global Investors Inc
Aberdeen Asset Manaamem PLC
113
1/513
1.264
0.98%
.41.4%
0.78%
10/19/12
RiverPoIM CaNtelManagemeM,
Bicknell fan* Holding Company, UC
1300
10/15/12
lhomnPartron, Inc
Charles Schwab Corp.
85
2.300
3.70%
NA
NA
6/19/12
The Winthrop Onedatich
National Patera Orrilorovnt Corporation
1400
0.41%
NA
NA
4/25/12
Rochdale Corporallon
ale National lank
4442
4/16/12
Edelman natantiorcumnc.
Lee Ecerkey Partners, LLC
268
14345
1.544
1294
1St%
11.9%
/07%
3/20/12
velour. LP.
AtAG Wealth Parent's
117
11.100
132%
NA
NA
5/11/11
CSI Capital Management Inc
RatTna kit Inc.
1300
2/21/11
Hershey Trust Company (Private Wealth Management Business)
Sr a Mawr Bank Corporation
1.138
MAXIMUM
22.349
4024
12-94
310%
51.7%
3.75%
]STN PERCENTILE
10,698
3.524
11.6x
2/35%
36.7%
0.74%
60TH PERCENTILE
6300
3114
1024
1.85%
28.4%
067%
MEDIAN
4$71
2.824
954
1St%
28.0%
061%
40TH PERCENTILE
1,729
2.354
924
155%
25.1%
055%
2 TN PERCENTILE
1.600
2.184
%Ix
1.12%
23.8%
0.52%
MINIMUM
982
2.064
574
0,41%
-41.4%
033%
45%
22%
46%
004
35%
57%
Propel Vega
10,443
8.4%
Pmentile Rai
74%
7%
Notes:
Excludes all minority mat transactions, Including airs accaisltion ot a 37% stake in RFShornSG. The discount for lack ot marletablity and discount to lack of control are applied to the majority stake transaction multiples. so by excLxIng all
ininceity stake trans/arm there is no dothle rowan of discounts due to • whaton prepared on a nenmarketable minority 'least basis.
Proprietary infarnation relating to tirade:esfor which (ierlohire Capital receved condeleatial data or acted es financial sensor toeither the War or the serer (denoted it toldface type)
Is not shoats for transactions where transaction wartsOita was not disclosed to the pubic_
la coefficient of variation, a measure of disperpon,is uvula the standard deviation distall by the mean.
Source: Berkshire Copal Investment Management harem
Berkshire Capital
CONFIDENTIAL
1/23/2016 / PAGE 35 OF 41
EFTA01079078
Exhibit C: Estimated Cost of Equity Capital
Guideline U.S. Publicly Traded Investment Management Firms
Dottan in ihousands
Firm
Market
Capitalization
1.2/31/15
Levered
Beta
Debt / Equity
Ratio
Wd /W„
Unlevered
Beta (1)
Adjusted Beta
at Target
Leverage
Ratio (2)
Size
Premium (3)
Levered
CAPM Cost
of Equity
Capital (0)
Eaton Vance Corp.
3,760,226
1.22
0.15
1.12
1.12
1.42%
11.84%
Artisan Partners Asset Management Inc.
2,650,410
1.29
0.08
1.24
1.24
1.64%
12.53%
Waddell & Reed Financial, Inc.
2,392,222
1.51
0.08
1.44
1.44
1.64%
13.89%
Janus Capital Group Inc.
2,626,376
1.18
0.11
1.11
1.11
1.64%
11.81%
Cohen & Steers, Inc.
1,396,898
1.02
0.00
1.02
1.02
1.76%
10.88%
MMus Investment Partners, Inc.
1,030,712
1.18
0.00
1.18
1.18
2.00%
12.14%
Boston Pnvate Financial Holdings, Inc.
945,407
1.02
0.60
0.75
0.75
2.06%
11.23%
GAMCO Investors, Inc.
783,481
1.21
0.14
1.12
1.12
2.18%
12.52%
Calamos Asset Management, Inc.
757,577
1.08
0.06
1.04
1.04
2.21%
11.71%
Diamond Hill Investment Group
638,669
0.97
0.00
0.97
0.97
2.36%
11.20%
Pzena Investment Management, Inc.
585,111
0.92
0.00
0.92
0.92
2.43%
10.92%
Westwood Holdings Group, Inc.
418,651
1.14
0.00
1.14
1.14
2.71%
12.60%
MEDIAN
988,059
1.16
0.07
1.11
1.11
2.03%
11.82%
Notes:
B„=&/(
iii
le( 1 -t)(Wd /WO),where
01 =
Unlevered beta
Levered beta
t=
40.00%=
Tax rate
Wd =
Percentage of debt capital in the capital structure
Wt =
Percentage of equity capital in the capital structure, based on market value
(2) h. go xl1•I 1-tjf We / Wt. ), where the targeted leverage ratio is
0.00x. See Exhibit D.
(3) Extrapolated from returns in excess of CUM by deci le for companies traded on NYSE/AMEX/NASDAQ (3,356 companies as of 9/30/14, 1926.2014.
(4) Adjusted Capital Asset Pricing Model: I(, = R, a 6 x ERP • RP,, where
R, =
2.67% =
Current risk-free rate (current yield on constant maturity 20-year Treasury bond as of 12/31/15)
Beta
ERP =
6.35% =
Equity risk premium, based on historical data (30-year average long-horizon equity risk premium, 1985-2014), net of the P/E
expansion effect identified by Ibbotson and then in a study that decomposed average annual total returns on large.cap stocks
between 1926 and 2000 into supply factors - inflation, real growth in earnings, income return through dividends, and
expansion of P/E multiples. An updated study determined that PIE multiple expansion contributed 0.44% to annual total
returns of stocks over 1926-2014.
Size premium, based on historical data
Sources: Bloomberg; U.S. Treasury; Morningstar, Inc., Ibbotson SBBI 0 Classic Yearbook; Morningstar, Inc., lbbotson SBBI 0 Valuation Yearbook; John Wiley & Sons, Duff & Phelps 0 Valuation Handbook; Ibbotson, Roger G. and
Peng then, 'Long-Run Stock Returns: Participating in the Real Economy', Financial Analysts Journal, vol. 59, no. 1 (January/February 2003); Berkshire Capital analysis.
Berkshire Capital
CONFIDENTIAL
1/23/2016 /
PAGE 36 OF 41
EFTA01079079
Exhibit D: Estimated Cost of Equity Capital Calculator
RFS
Dollars in thousands
Adjusted Capital Asset Pricing Model: K. =
x ERP + RP, + RP.
ERP
Equity Risk Premium (1)
6.35%
Median Industry Unlevered Beta
1.11
Targeted Wd We Ratio
0.00x
Levered Beta, where rii *
x(1+ ( 1 - t)(Wd /
) )
x
1.11
Risk-Adjusted Equity Risk Premium
7.06%
R,
Current Risk-Free Rate (Current Yield on Constant Maturity 20-Year Treasury Bond)
2.67%
9.73%
RP,
Size Premium:
Estimated Valuation of Subject Firm
150,000
Estimated Size Premium (2)
5.73%
Company-Specific Risk Premium (3)
0.00%
Estimated Cost of Equity Capital for Subject Firm
15.46%
Notes:
(1)
Equity risk premium, based on historical data (30-year average long-horizon equity risk premium, 19135-2014 net of the PIE expansion effect identified
by Ibbotson and Chen in a study that decomposed average annual total returns on large-cap stocks between 1926 and 2000 into supply factors —
inflation, real growth in earnings, income return through dividends, and expansion of PIE multiples. An updated study determined that P/E multiple
expansion contributed 0.44% to annual total returns of stocks over 1926-2014.
(2)
Extrapolated from returns in excess of CAPM by decile for companies traded on NYSE/AMEX/NASDAQ (3,356 companies as of 9/30/14,1926-2014).
(3)
Assumes no material company-specific risk premium.
Sources: Bloomberg; U.S. Treasury; Morningstar, Inc., Ibbotson SBBI 0 Classic Yearbook; Morningstar, Inc., Ibbotson SBBI 0 Valuation Yearbook; John Wiley &
Sons, Duff & Phelps 0 Valuation Handbook; Ibbotson, Roger G. and Peng Chen, Yong-Run Stock Returns: Participating in the Real Economy', Financial Analysts
Journal, vol. 59, no. 1(January/Febniary 2003); Berkshire Capital analysis.
Berkshire Capital
CONFIDENTIAL
1/23/2016 / PAGE 37 OF 41
EFTA01079080
Exhibit D: Estimated Cost of Equity Capital Calculator
Security Market Line vs. Risk 8 Return of Size-Declie Portfolios of the NYSE/AMEX/NASOAQ. 1926 - 2014
15.00%
Arithmetic Mean Return
1%00%
15.00%
10.00%
S.00%
Risk-Free Rate
1st Deck (Largest Market Cap Stocks)
10th Oecile [Smallest Market Cap Stocks)
•
9
•
56
8
7
•
i
4
•
••
••
•
SOP SOO
0 00%
0.00
0.20
040
0.60
0.80
1.00
1.20
1.40
1.60
LSO
Seta
Source: MomkIgstar, Inc., Ibbotson 588120/5 Classic Yearbook
Berkshire Capital
CONFIDENTIAL
1/23/2016 /
PAGE 38 OF 41
EFTA01079081
Exhibit E: Premiums Paid in Acquisitions of Selected U.S. Publicly Traded Investment Management Firms
1999 - Present
Announcement
Date
seller
seller Type
Buyer
BuyerType
Transaction
Price( $MM)
1-Day Premium
30-Day Premium
2/13/13
Artio Global Investors Inc
IA
Aberdeen Asset Management Plc
IA
182
28.5%
36.8%
12/6/12
Epoch Holding Corporation
IA
Toronto-Dominion Bank
BK
668
27.8%
28.2%
4/16/12
Edelman Financial Group Inc.
PA
Lee Equity Partners, LLC
FIN
268
43.2%
27.7%
12/14/09
Highbury Financial Inc.
MF
Affiliated Managers Group, Inc.
FIN
114
52.5%
54.4%
6/19/07
Nuveen Investments, Inc.
MF
Madison Dearborn Partners LLC
PE
5,760
19.8%
20.3%
7/21/03
Neuberger Berman Inc.
IA
Lehman Brothers Holdings Inc.
BR
2,947
0.2%
19.3%
7/10/01
Tremont Advisers Inc.
IA
OppenheimerFunds Inc.
MF
145
-3.8%
5.6%
6/27/01
Borel Bank and Trust Company
TR
Boston Private Financial Holdings
TR
113
21.2%
50.6%
10/25/00
Fiduciary Trust Co. International
IA
Franklin Resources, Inc.
MF
825
74.4%
99.8%
6/19/00
United Asset Management Corp.
IA
Old Mutual Plc
IN
1,439
21.6%
39.4%
6/16/00
Nvest L.P., Nvest Companies L.P.
IA
Caisse des Depots et Consignations
BK
1,870
100.0%
109.2%
5/15/00
Pioneer Group, Inc.
MF
Unicredno Italian SpA
BK
1,270
40.3%
97.7%
1/13/00
U.S. Trust Corporation
TR
Charles Schwab Corp.
BR
2,619
63.5%
67.9%
10/31/99
Pimco Advisors Holdings LP
MF
Allianz AG
IN
3,216
11.7%
17.7%
MAXIMUM
5,760.0
100.0%
109.2%
7 5 TH PERCENTILE
2431.8
50.2%
64.5%
60TH PERCENTILE
1,405.2
38.0%
48.4%
MEDIAN
1,047.5
28.2%
38.1%
40TH PERCENTILE
699.8
22.8%
29.9%
25TH PERCENTILE
203.5
20.2%
22.2%
MINIMUM
113.2
-3.8%
5.6%
81%
70%
107%
111%
Source: SNL Financial
Berkshire Capital
CONFIDENTIAL
1/23/2016 /
PAGE 39 OF 41
EFTA01079082
Exhibit F: Estimated Discount for Lack of Marketability Based on Simulation Analysis
Benchmoth Analysis Based on Restricted Stock Studies
Notes
Marketable Minority
Interest
Non-Marketable
Minority Interest
Security
Projected Annual Earnings Growth
1
Publicly Traded Stock
17.08%
Restricted Stock
17.08%
Standard Deviation of Monthly Capital Appreciation Return
2
10.15%
10.15%
Indicated Dividend Yield
Payout Ratio
Estimated Cost of Equity Capital Ke )
Implied Illiquidity Risk Premium
Discount Rate
Minimum Holding Period
Block Size (% of Total Shares Outstanding)
Rule 144 Stock (RI, Private Stock (P)
Maximum Rule 144 Liquidation First Year Post-Lock-Out
Maximum Annual Non-Rule 144 Liquidations
Maximum Annual Liquidations Post Lock-Out/Liquidity Event (% of Block):
3
0.00%
0.00%
17.08%
NA
17.08%
NA
NA
NA
NA
0.00%
0.00%
17.08%
11.00%
28.08%
1 year
1.00%
4.00%
99.99%
100.00%
Sell Decision Trigger Percentage (Upside)
4
100.00%
100.00%
Sell Decision Trigger Percentage (Downside)
4
25.00%
25.00%
Simulation Count
10,000
5
17.9%
17.9%
Notes:
(1) Analysis assumes that the publicly traded stock and the private stock have identical estimated earnings growth rates. The estimated earnings growth
rate for the publicly traded stock, equal to the projected annual capital appreciation, equals the estimated cost of equity capital less the indicated
dividend yield. Analysis assumes constant P/E multiples and payout ratios.
Time Frame
Statistic
Average Annual Total Return, Small-Cap Stocks
1926-2007
17.08%
Standard Deviation of Monthly Total Return, Small-Cap Stocks (2)
2004-2007
10.15%
Median Dividend Yield, Restricted Stock Issuers
1998-2007
0.00%
Median Market Capitalization, Restricted Stock Issuers
19913-2007
$63MM
12)
Based on a study of all publicly traded stocks of companies with (a) market cap between 550MM and 5500MM as of 12/31/03, (b) positive EPS, and
4)48 months of stock pnce data, 12/31/03-12/31/07 (661 companies).
131 Assumes liquidation of 100% in the month following the liquidity event.
141 Represents the percentage price increase or decrease from the purchase pnce that will trigger sale of the freely traded stock.
IS) Before taxes and transaction costs. Based on simulation of monthly pnces, dividends and cash flows, where capital appreciation returns are
lognormally distributed. Assumes no reinvestment upon sale of security.
Sources: Morningstar, Inc. (annual total return and standard deviation data); Bloomberg (monthly stock price volatility data); FMV Restricted Stock
Study (median restncted stock discount, annual dividend and market capitalization data); Berkshire Capital research
Berkshire Capital
CONFIDENTIAL
1/23/2016 / PAGE 40 OF 41
EFTA01079083
Exhibit F: Estimated Discount for Lack of Marketability Based on Simulation Analysis
Updated Analysis as of 12/31/07 Based on Representative Payout Ratios & Earnings Growth Rates for Investment Management Firms
Notes
Marketable Minority
Interest
Non-Marketable
Minority Interest
Security
Publicly Traded Stock
Private Stock
Projected Annual Earnings Growth
1
10.69%
10.69%
Standard Deviation of Monthly Capital Appreciation Returns
2
6.42%
6.42%
Indicated Dividend Yield
3
1.29%
5.48%
Implied Payout Ratio
23.4S%
80.00%
Estimated Cost of Equity Capital ( Ke )
4
11.97%
11.97%
Implied Illiquidity Risk Premium
5
NA
11.00%
Discount Rate
Minimum Holding Period
Liquidity Event Occurs With Equal Probability Over Next N of Years (Maximum of 7 Years)
Block Size OS of Total Shares Outstanding)
11.97%
NA
NA
NA
22.97%
3 yrs
7 yrs
5.00%
Maximum Annual Liquidations Post Liquidity Event (% of Block):
6
NA
100.00%
Sell Decision Trigger Percentage (Upside)
7
100.00%
NA
Sell Decision Trigger Percentage (Downside)
7
25.00%
NA
Simulation Count
10,000
10,000
Expected Value
8
110.56
86.74
21.5%
Notes:
(1) Analysis assumes that the publicly traded stock and the private stock have identical estimated earnings growth rates. The estimated earnings growth
rate for the publicly traded stock, equal to the projected annual capital appreciation, equals the estimated cost of equity capital less the indicated
dividend yield. Analysis assumes constant P/E multiples and payout ratios.
(2) Based on the median monthly stock price volatility, 12/31/03-12/31/07, for all publicly traded companies with (a) market cap between $50MM and
$500MM as of 12/31/03, (b) positive EPS, and (c) dividend yield between 3.00% and 8.00% (57 companies).
(3) In the case of the publicly traded stock, equal to the median indicated dividend yield for the guideline public companies as of 12/31/07. The implied
dividend for the private stock is equal to the publicly traded stock dividend yield multiplied by the ratio of the private stock payout ratio divided
by the publicly traded stock payout ratio, divided by an estimate for the discount for lack of marketability.
(4) Based on the median estimated cost of equity capital for the guideline public companies as of 12/31/07.
(5) The illiquidity risk premium for the non-marketable minority interest is derived in the benchmark analysis.
(6) Assumes maximum liquidations in the case of private stock of 100% in the month following the buy/sell trigger.
(7) Represents the percentage price increase or decrease from the purchase price that will trigger sale of the public company stock.
(8) Before taxes and transaction costs. Based on simulation of monthly prices, dividends and cash tows, where capital appreciation returns are
lognormally distributed. Assumes no reinvestment upon sale of security.
Source: Bloomberg, Berkshire Capital research
Berkshire Capital
CONFIDENTIAL
1/23/2016 / PAGE 41 OF 41
EFTA01079084