Historical essay on scientific objectivity and expert judgment

Summary

Historical essay on scientific objectivity and expert judgment The text is a scholarly discussion of scientific representation practices with no mention of specific individuals, institutions, financial flows, or alleged misconduct. It provides no actionable leads for investigation. Key insights: Describes shift from idealized illustration to hands‑off scientific imaging in the 19th century.; Notes resurgence of expert judgment in the 1930s–1940s for complex data interpretation.; No references to political figures, agencies, or controversial actions.